At present, mycotoxins are the new source of diseases for livestock and poultry. Especially in the high temperature and humidity environment, the feed is more susceptible to mycotoxin contamination. In the case of mycotoxin contamination, most farms adopt the “repair of dead sheep†method and do not treat it until after the onset of livestock and poultry, which is undesirable. The best solution is prevention, and it's better to be late. Taking chicken as an example, it is best to take preventive measures within 20 days before the chicks.
Maize mycotoxins are a major factor affecting the health of the flock. From the beginning of harvesting, some corn have already undergone mildew in the field, but the domestically-purchased forage corn has not been rigorously screened, resulting in serious contamination of the later-stage feed corn, which is then mixed with good corn and sold to feed mills. In addition, a considerable part of the feed production process is not strictly controlled, resulting in the proliferation of mycotoxins. The process of comminution and granulation of corn is the most prone to mycotoxin contamination. After 24 hours of comminution, mycotoxins will increase by 10 to 100 times. Some feed mills even use corn that has been crushed for nearly a month. The amount of mold can be imagined. In fact, the comminuted corn must be used within 72 hours as soon as possible to effectively avoid contamination.
The early chick period, especially the first 7 days, is an important period for the development of immune organs and improvement of the immune system. Once the mycotoxin is harmed, immune organs such as the thymus and the bursa of Fabricius will be severely atrophied, and their immune function will be seriously affected. 3 weeks is also the immunization period of the vaccine, immunosuppression will have a greater impact on the production of antibodies, low antibody titers can not provide effective protection for the virus disease in the later period. Secondly, the liver detoxification ability and kidney detoxification ability of the chickens in the first 3 weeks are also relatively poor. In the early stage, the liver and kidney damage will appear after being harmed by mycotoxin, and the mycotoxin will be more easily accumulated in the chicken body. In addition, the early feed intake of young chicks is small and precautionary measures are taken. The cost is low and economical.
To prevent mycotoxins, we must strengthen the management of feed production. First of all, we must strictly control the procurement of raw materials to prevent moldy materials from entering the warehouse; control the temperature and humidity of the warehouse, pay attention to ventilation, and clean up the corners of the warehouse to prevent deterioration of the raw materials during storage; control of feed processing, preparation, storage, Transport and other aspects, as much as possible to shorten the storage time.
The most economical and effective detoxification measures at present are the use of mycotoxin adsorbents. However, there are many kinds of adsorbents on the market. When selecting, comprehensive considerations can be taken from whether or not harmful substances are contained, whether nutrient components of raw materials are destroyed, and feed costs. At present, zeolite-based adsorbents are a better choice.
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