First, prepare to do a good job
1. Cleaning and disinfection of the house. After all the old chickens have been eliminated or the chickens have been transferred out, the movable utensils in the chicken house should be promptly removed, washed and disinfected to prevent the spread of the disease. Disinfectant can use caustic soda, quicklime, and 100 toxins. If it is caged, it is best not to use caustic soda and other corrosive disinfectants, so as not to damage the cage. Spray disinfection must be performed from top to bottom, in order of roof, wall, cage, and ground, from one end of the house to the other. The sterilizers must wear gloves and masks to prevent caustic soda from damaging the skin. During the period of flat raising, soaking and disinfecting the buckets, buckets, or sinks to be used; when the cages are raised, soaking and disinfecting the kettles, food plates, and drinking vessels to be used. Soak utensils for 12 hours and take them out to dry and move into the house for use. During fumigation, various utensils to be used are neatly placed in the house, all doors and windows and vents are closed, and then a heat source is placed in each corner and center of the house, plus a certain amount of formaldehyde and permanganate. Potassium (usually 12 grams of potassium permanganate per square meter of space, 24 milliliters of formaldehyde), 24 hours after the closed house, the doors and windows were opened for ventilation, and the fumigation was cleaned. In order to achieve a good disinfection effect, fumigation 2 times is appropriate, the interval is generally 7 to 10 days.
2. Maintenance of chicken house and equipment. 15 days before hatching, repair the coops, repair and debug equipment such as cages, water lines, feed chutes, lighting, ventilation equipment (fans), and heating equipment (warm umbrellas) to ensure normal use.
3. Selected breeders. Keepers must be responsible, able to work hard, and be able to deal with general technical issues in the production process in a timely manner. Keepers should regularly perform technical training.
4. Prepare brooding items. Flat-raising should be provided with enough litter, cages should be provided with full-mat nets, and adequate heating equipment, food trays, and drinking fountains should be provided. In addition, keepers also prepare daily supplies.
5. Prepare feed and other Nutritional supplements. The prepared feed should not be too much, so as to avoid the loss of nutrients in the feed, generally the amount of 3 days can be used. In the spring and summer alternate season, it is necessary to use existing products. Finished feed should be used up within 7 days and should not be stored for a long time. At the same time, we must do a good job in the storage of feed and prevent rats and other pollution to prevent deterioration. In addition, necessary nutritional supplements, including glucose, multidimensional, minerals, and amino acids are also prepared.
6. Develop immunization procedures and purchase enough vaccine for use. The establishment of immunization procedures depends on the specific conditions of different breeders. When purchasing a vaccine, carefully select the manufacturer and pay attention to the production date.
7. Warm up the house. The pre-temperature of the chicken house should be pre-heated for 2 days before the chicks are put in, so that the temperature in the house can reach the temperature suitable for chicks, generally 33-34°C. In addition, a sufficient amount of warm boiled water should be prepared so that the chicks can drink when they go into the house. Early spring is still cold, warm water temperature is generally 20 ~ 25 °C is appropriate.
Second, safe shipment of chicklings
Chicks can be shipped within 1 hour after hatching. Generally, it is better for the chicks to stand up to 36 hours after the shells have dried their fluff, and it is better not to exceed 48 hours to ensure that the chicks eat and drink on time. After hatching, the chicks are to be selected individually, to keep the young chicks, to remove the young and sick chicks, and to be vaccinated against Marek’s disease vaccine. To transport young animals, special hatchery boxes should be used. There are four small boxes in the box and 20 to 25 chicks in each box. Put the hatching box into the car, leave gaps between the boxes, and fix them with wooden bars to prevent them from sliding.
In the late spring, transportation avoided the high temperature during the day. Before the transportation, the young vehicles, hatching boxes, tools, etc. must be disinfected, and the temperature in the compartment should be adjusted to about 28°C. Try to keep the chicks in a dark state during transport. This will reduce the amount of chicks on the way and reduce the damage caused by mutual extrusion. The operation of the vehicle should be smooth and avoid bumps, sudden braking, and sharp turns. Turn on the light at intervals of 30 minutes to observe the performance of the chick once. If any problem occurs, it must be dealt with promptly.
Third, choose a suitable brooding method
House brooding can be divided into two ways: flat feeding and three-dimensional feeding. You can choose according to your actual situation.
1. Plane rearing. According to the ground form, it can be divided into the following categories: 1 litter floor. After the floor has been cleaned and disinfected, short straw, shavings, sawdust, bagasse, etc. are laid on the bedding. The litter requires clean, dry, mold-free, non-caking, and the padding is 3 to 4 cm thick. When the litter is wet or agglomerated, it must be replaced promptly. The use of litter ground brooding is currently the most commonly used brooding method, its advantages are simple equipment, low investment, the disadvantage is that frequent replacement of litter, large expenses, labor, chicks susceptible to coccidiosis and so on. 2 Keep online or on the fence. The chicks are kept on a metal net, wood strips or bamboo rafts at a height of 60 cm above the ground and are called on-line or on-grid. Chickens raised in this way do not come into contact with feces, reducing the chance of infection, saving on litter and labor, and facilitating mechanized defecation, but require a certain amount of investment.
2. Three-dimensional breeding (cage raising). Intensive industrialized laying hens or broiler chickens are widely adopted in cage farming. The advantage is that it can improve the utilization of the ground, is conducive to mechanization or automated production, saves litter expenses, high feed conversion rate, chickens grow neatly and has a high survival rate; the disadvantage is that the equipment investment is large, the process requirements are high, and the full price is needed. Nutrition and high management skills, thorough immunization procedures.
Fourth, timely water, open food
1. Boiling water. After hatching, the chicks lose their water quickly and must supply water as early as possible. At the same time, drinking water can also clear the gastrointestinal tract, excrete meconium, promote metabolism, and accelerate the absorption of yolk. The chicks were transported to the brooding house and checked after a short break. The weaker ones were bred and raised in groups to strengthen the feeding so that each chick could eat and drink and promote its growth. The principle of drinking water for chicks is: suitable time, adequate water level, timely training, clean water, and free drinking. The first week of brooding requires drinking warm water, the water temperature is close to room temperature, and is maintained at about 20°C. On the first day of drinking, 5% glucose or sucrose should be added. If the chick is dehydrated severely, drink 3 days of syrup. In addition, in order to reduce stress, in the first week of drinking water by adding multi-dimensional, electrolyte, 1 week after drinking clean cold water. The drinking facilities of the brooding houses should be adequate and should be placed evenly. Each chicken should have a water level of at least 2.5 cm. The height of the drinking fountains should be appropriate, and the water trays and chicken back heights should be appropriate. As the chicken's growth adjusts the height of the water tray, it can be lifted with wooden blocks or bricks, or it can be lifted high to prevent the chicken feet from entering the water tray to contaminate the water or wet the litter and lint or even drown. The young chicks who will not drink water when they arrive at the brooding house should be trained manually, ie, holding the chicken's head by hand, and inserting the chicken's mouth into the water tray to force it to drink 1-2 times, so that the chick will drink water later. If you use a nipple drinker, initially add some hanging cups to attract chickens to drink. Broiler drinking water should be kept clean and in line with livestock and poultry drinking water standards. To maintain regular water, we must not stop drinking water to prevent chickens from falling into the water and drown. The amount of drinking water varies with the amount of feed and the temperature, usually 2 to 3 times the intake, and the higher the home temperature, the greater the amount of drinking water.
2. Start eating at the right time. When eating, pay attention to the time, not too early or too late, usually more than 12 to 24 hours after the birth of the chick or when there is 1/3 to 1/2 when eating behavior is appropriate, no later than 36 hours . Feeding diets requires rich nutrition, good palatability, and easy digestion and absorption. You can choose broken rice, broken Corn and so on. In large-scale chicken farms or industrial chicken farms, powdered or broken materials are generally used as the starting material. When you start eating, your chicks are required to find food troughs and drinking fountains. You can eat and drink water, but you must not eat too much. In particular, chicks that have been transported for long periods of time may cause indigestion if they are allowed to eat and drink excessively. Can cause a large number of deaths.
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