Tomato umbilical rot, also known as "black plaster spots," is a typical tomato physiological disease, mostly caused by calcium deficiency in the soil. According to tests, when the calcium content of tomato fruits is less than 0.2%, the disease will be infected. In production, commonly used methods for prevention and control are as follows: 1. Foliar application of calcium and boron fertilizers: During the expansion of tomato fruits, calcium and boron fertilizers containing higher concentrations are selected, and about 45 kilograms of spray fertilizer is applied per mu. Kilograms of water add 50 grams of boron fertilizer + 150 grams of calcium fertilizer mix spray. Spray 7 days later. For tomatoes with mild symptoms of umbilical rot, adding a broad-spectrum fungicide such as chlorothalonil or carbendazim when spraying foliar fertilizer can prevent the occurrence of other diseases. For the fruit with severe symptoms of umbilical rot, early picking and treatment, and timely application of boron and calcium fertilizer to prevent the emergence of tender fruit. Second, balanced fertilization: tomato in the fruit expansion period when applying fertilizer or fertilization, avoid the use of high potassium fertilizer. It is best to use a compound fertilizer with a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (1:1:1) so as to avoid affecting the absorption of calcium by the higher concentration of potassium in the soil. Organic fertilizers should be added to increase the permeability of the soil and improve the plant's root absorption environment. The pH of the soil is adjusted to neutral, and lime soil fertilizer should be added to the acidic soil in time to avoid continuous cropping. 3. Drought-Resistant Excretion: In the summer, it often encounters high temperature and drought or heavy rain. If the soil is too dry or too wet, it will affect the normal absorption of calcium by roots, and it is easy to induce the disease. It should be ensured that the soil is dry and wet. When it encounters dry weather, it must be watered in time, and in the event of heavy rain, it must be drained in time.
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