First, tea culture
The history of tea culture has a long history. In the vast five thousand years of the vast Chinese civilization, the colors are diverse and unique. There are friends coming from afar, or daily friends, and holding a cup of light toon, many passions and respects are often contained. In the old days, the hobby of drinking tea and tea was popular among the literati class, and it was closely related to the poetry and poetry of the chess and calligraphy paintings. It has always been regarded as an elegant act and is highly respected. Even today, when it comes to a highly commoditized society, in addition to the fame and fortune of the glory, it is very different from the drunkards to invite the three or five acquaintances or to bring the intimate confidants to the teahouse, but there is no romance and poetry.
The earliest historical records of tea are found in the "Shen Nong Bai Cao Jing" written by Cheng Shu in the Qin and Han Dynasties: "Shen Nong tastes the herb, and the sun is sick, and the tea is solved." That is to say, the earliest use of tea is as a solution. The drug was discovered and spread as a beverage, and there was a long process of evolution. Due to climatic conditions, the cultivation of tea is mostly limited to the southern region. It is naturally precious to flow into the north of the Yangtze River. Therefore, there are many legends about tea in the historical chapters and historical history that have been handed down. There is such a story in "Zhao Feiyan Biography", saying: Han Chengdi's widow, Feiyan Niangniang, saw a husband's sorrow in a certain daydream. After all, after a long time, His Majesty was very enthusiastic about the maiden and hurriedly ordered his men to "see tea", but immediately Incited the opposition of the group, accused the maiden of making countless mistakes like this, not qualified to drink tea. The truth of the story is not to say it, but we can not easily see the value of tea at that time. Since tea is so noble, it is no longer strange that it will be admired by the cultural people in later generations. Reading history and reading poetry, we can often see the thoughts and romanticism of tea, and the poetry of the Tang and Song Dynasties and others are not lacking in the feelings and feelings of drinking tea.
When it comes to tea, you can't help but mention a character named Lu Yu. Lu Yu, the word is gradual, the life is almost the same as Li Bai and Du Fu, the childhood is lonely, the body of the Buddhist temple, used to brew tea for the monk, after the Anshi rebellion, the river was inhabited in Zhejiang, and in the same year, the "Tea Sutra" three volumes and ten sections, The summary of the system of planting, making and drinking of tea has a great influence on the tea culture of later generations. It is regarded as a classic work of tea culture, and it is therefore honored as “tea holy†and “tea godâ€. Since the beginning of Lu Yu's contemporaneous period, China's tea products have gradually spread, and in the East Asian region and the South Pacific islands, it has become a sought-after material for Persian and Arab merchant barter trade. Especially in North Korea and Japan, the tea is flourishing, and the society is all advocating. The "tea ceremony" developed from this has gradually evolved into a high-level diet civilization. The rise of Eastern and Western trade in the later generations has promoted Chinese tea products to all parts of the world. Because the tea itself has the characteristics of fragrant and refreshing, refreshing and refreshing, it is greatly welcomed by all walks of life. Looking at the relevant literature at that time, we can see the "Oriental Grace". The title of "King of Leisure Drinks". The products of culture and culture in a commodity that is so popular in the world have once been arrogantly ignorant by the people of the country. When "Coca-Cola" took a handful of money from the pockets of the world, Mr. More regrets and unspeakable heartache.
There is a saying that "tea is a scent" in tea culture, which means that tea has a close relationship with Buddha. Buddhism in our country flourished in the Southern Dynasties. The temples at that time were built between the famous mountains and rivers, and were located in or adjacent to various tea-producing areas. Buddhism advocates vegetarianism, and the tea as a pure product is no different from Buddhism. The tea can be refreshed, which just helps the monks to meditate on the things of the spirits, and naturally they have a relationship. In the later culture of tea ceremony, three mouths and one "goods", first bitter and sweet, also have a bit of insight into the simple Zen of life.
The history and culture of tea is profound and profound, far from being able to speak clearly and completely. I am here for the sake of the next topic: the teahouse culture.
Second, teahouse culture
The appearance of the teahouse, when it started, seems to be difficult to verify. Before writing this essay, I have consulted a lot of books, and I have specially asked for an expert friend who works for a certain association of Chinese food, but I have not got the exact answer. Du Fu has the poem "On the Spring Festival, the Spring Breeze", Yan Zhenqing has the name of "Cold Flower invites guests, and drinks on behalf of the Qing Dynasty", because this is obviously for the teahouse and the teahouse, so The history of China's teahouses was not later than the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, the teahouse industry entered a very prosperous period, and there was a very vivid and lively record in "Meng Lianglu".
The emergence of teahouses was firstly carried out by the literary class and the leisurely class as an arty, and after a certain development, it began to gradually spread to ordinary people, and gradually became the common people in the bragging and communication of feelings and close relationship. A space carrier. The old Shanghai Shiliyangchang, the old Beijing's flyover downtown, I do not know how many sweet and bitter stories have been played. Lao She’s "Tea House" gave the "Qingming Shanghe Map" a vivid and realistic meaning, but in a square inch, it was a gathering of three religions and nine people, and the voices of the five parties were mixed, and the various people waited for this performance. Become a historical witness and vivid and freehand of a fallen dynasty.
The architecture and layout of the teahouse are very particular, so it is attractive because it provides a cultural and spiritual enjoyment. Its architectural style is either simple or elegant, or small and exquisite, or Linshui Tower, or Liu Langting Xie, in which you can see four-time flowers, cranes and phoenixes, as well as celebrity inks, pictures and so on. Pleasant delight. This kind of layout, since ancient times, has not changed, showing its influence in the hearts of the people.
In the old times, the teahouses were mostly for the storytelling people's livelihood, and the thrilling tree was shot. The change of the situation in the last five thousand years was in the mouth of the time, and when it came to the wonderful place, the teahouses patted the table and slaped the tyrants. The heavyness of life or destiny has been temporarily forgotten in this excitement. The picture is clean and the room is opened. Several old friends cover the door and narrate the old feelings. It is easy and pleasant. A few cups of hot and fragrant entrances add warmth to the warmth of the world.
The tea culture is not only expressed in the tea itself, but also in the colorful tea sets with different colors. The tea has copper, porcelain, pottery and purple sand products. The objects are not big, but the craftsmanship is profound. It integrates calligraphy, painting, engraving and plastic arts. It is worthy of tea lovers to enjoy and enjoy a special rhythm. The famous Shaoxing tea set is so popular with the world, which is not unrelated to its profound national cultural characteristics.
When it comes to teahouses, you can't help but talk about tea ceremony. The “Tao†here is not only a way of cooking tea and tea, but also contains a simple interpretation of life philosophy. China's tea ceremony originated in several minority ethnic groups such as the Lijiang Bai people in Yunnan, and even today's authentic tea art comes from these areas. The utensils used in the tea ceremony are very different from our daily tea sets. They are mostly made of pottery or purple sand. The shape is small and exquisite. The cup is not a "cup" but a "tea pot". At a glance, it’s just a bite, so the tea ceremony is “good†and not “drinkingâ€. Once the tea ceremony is down, there is not a kind of tea running through, and there are different varieties according to the interest of the tea people. When the tea is renewed, there is a quantity to master, first and then less, the water that is brewed will be thicker and lighter. There is a saying: "One lip, two lips, three throats" - three into a "good" word, meaning that after these three can really taste tea and tea. Because the tea has a first and then light cooking process, the tea shop has a stagnation of the breath, the tea at the entrance is extremely bitter, and gradually begins to feel sweet, and there is a philosophical implication of life in the tea ceremony. This is a superficial knowledge of the tea ceremony. The source is from a Bai girl in a tea ceremony. The girl is very quiet. She has given us sweet tea songs on this day, and I still have a pleasant feeling.
Today, the teahouse has gradually become a new face of music teahouses, Peking Opera teahouses, etc., but it is still inseparable from its ancestors, which reflects the inheritance and development of folk culture. Regrettably, the aristocratic trend is getting stronger and stronger. The old scenes are hard to see again, and the mahjong sounds are filled with, and there are many extramarital affair, lover's love, and once the temperament and cultural enjoyment, in the fragrance, It has long been distorted by the commodity culture of the commodity society.
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