Straw mushroom is a typical high-temperature, high-humidity edible fungus, and is the preferred variety for cultivation of edible fungi in the north of the country. It is cultivated from July to September. The growth cycle of straw mushroom is short. It only takes 2-3 weeks from sowing to harvest. The main cultivation materials of straw mushroom are wheat straw, cottonseed husk and waste cotton.
Use of cottonseed husks to cultivate straw mushroom technology. Cottonseed husk is rich in nutrients, loose texture, strong heat preservation and moisturizing performance, and good ventilation performance. It is an ideal culture material for cultivating straw mushrooms. The commonly used formulations of cottonseed hulls for cultivation of straw mushrooms are: cotton husk 96%, superphosphate 0.8%, urea 0.1%, lime 3%, dichlorvos 0.1%, feed water ratio 1:1.5. After the formula is compounded, the culture material is subjected to a fermentation treatment, and the culture material after fermentation can meet the growth needs of the straw mushroom.
The fermentation process is to wet the exposed culture material with 3% lime water, so that the moisture content of the culture material is about 70%. Then build a pile of fermentation, the width and height of the heap depending on the temperature. It is generally 100 cm wide and 70 cm high. After stacking, some more ventilation holes should be used. The temperature in the stack is ideally between 56°C and 70°C, and the fermentation time is preferably between 2 and 3 days. After the stack, the stack is turned over 24 hours.
Mushrooms are mostly grown in Yangshuo style. Vaccination uses a sowing or sowing method combined with sowing. First sterilize the outside of the container and strain, spread the bacteria and spread it evenly on the surface of the material. If the method of combining sowing and sowing is used, it should be sowed after sowing. That is, every 12-15 centimeters or so holes, into the strains, sowing the amount of total bacterial species for the amount of 2/3, the remaining 1/3 sowing. After sowing, a little wheat bran can be sprinkled on the surface of the material and lightly pressed with a wooden board. When using general fermentation materials, it is best to cover 1-2 cm humus. Canopy film can be placed on the top, but the material and the film can not be close to, so as not to affect the germination of mycelium.
Mycelial growth management
Mainly in the 1-2 days after sowing, we must promptly check to see if there is pollution, we must promptly deal with. If the strain does not germinate, it should be replanted promptly. The management of mycelium growth stage mainly pays attention to the following issues:
First of all, to maintain the temperature, it is generally best to be around 33°C, below 15°C or above 42°C, mycelium growth is very weak. Second, we must maintain the humidity and keep it in the growth stage of mycelium. The moisture content of the culture material should be 60%-65%, and the relative humidity of the air should be 80%-85%. The third is to add ventilation to Taiwan, straw mushroom is aerobic fungus, mycelium grow faster, to be promptly ventilated, increase the number of ventilation, extend the ventilation time. The fourth is to avoid light. During the growth stage of the mycelium, direct sunlight is prevented from directing the material surface, and no light or weak light has no effect on the growth of the mycelium.
Fruiting body growth management points
1. Prompt buds. After 6-7 days of sowing, mycelium grows vigorously and can be used to cover the soil on the surface of the material. According to the water content, lime water is poured once. Increase the relative humidity of the air to 85%-95%, strengthen the ventilation, give a certain amount of scattered light, 2-3 days can appear buds.
2. Gulei growth management. Maintain good temperature and humidity. The temperature is controlled at 30°C-35°C and the material temperature is not lower than 24°C. The humidity is maintained at 85%-95% and the humidity of the culture material is maintained at about 70%. When replenishing water should be poured more than 30 °C water, spraying water should avoid the mushroom body.
3. Chaogu mushroom management. After harvesting, lime water shall be replenished promptly, and the ventilation and air exchange shall be controlled to control the light. Ventilation shall be based on temperature and humidity to control the number and timing of ventilation.
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