Recently, some farmers reported that the peppers that entered the result period suffered from severe wilting and dead trees. Some experts judged it as a wilt disease, and others also reported that it was an epidemic disease. The author believes that both of these conditions may occur, and it is necessary to take appropriate measures according to the occurrence characteristics and laws of the two diseases and the corresponding prevention and control measures that should be adopted.
Pepper blight
The disease is a devastating disease in pepper production. Due to the short onset cycle and rapid spread, prevention and control have certain difficulties. Both the seedling stage and the adult stage of the disease can occur. At the onset of seedling stage, a dark brown fusiform spot appeared on the base of the stem, which turned brown and curled up, causing the seedlings to collapse, wet rot, or stand dead. In the adult stage, many water-drenched dark-green, near-circular spots are formed at the base of stems and shoots, and then expanded into dark brown spots. One week after the stems are rotted and contracted at the lesion, the leaves above the diseased part. From the bottom up withered, die, collapse, and fold. Infected with fruit, first produce a dark green spot in the fruit peduncle. When it is wet, it grows white mold, and the disease is brown, rot, and shedding. When the roots become infected, they turn brown and the cortex rots. The entire plant quickly collapses and dies.
The pathogenic bacteria of this disease is the main primary infestation source as the diseased body overwinters in soil and seeds. Repeated infestation through rainwater, irrigation water, and air flow, etc., the incidence of optimum temperature 24 ~ 26 °C, 6 ~ July high temperature and humidity, rain after the storm will cause the disease to relapse.
Prevention:
1. Select disease-resistant varieties, implement rotation crops, remove debris from field diseases, destroy them in a centralized manner, and reduce the source of bacteria.
2. Seed treatment: soaking seeds in warm water at 55°C for 15 minutes, or soaking for 68 hours with 68% fine amazan Mn-Zn water dispersible granules, soaking seeds for half an hour.
3. Spray control of medicaments: 56% of chlorothalonil suspension solution 1000 times, 68.75% of fluorobacterium fructomil Suspension 600 times, 10% of cyclosulfuron suspension 600 times + 80% of dimethomorph water Disperse granules 2000 times.
Pepper fusarium wilt
The disease is a systemic infective soil-borne disease of pepper, and the mortality rate of the diseased plant is generally about 15%. At the early stage of disease, the lower leaves of the plants are largely exfoliated, and the cortex of the base of the stem that is in contact with the ground is rotted, and the shoots and leaves of the shoots are withered rapidly. Sometimes the disease develops only on one side of the stem, forming a longitudinal strip-shaped necrosis area, and all of the latter stages Withered. The underground root of the necropsy strain was also immersed in soft rot. The cortex was easily peeled off. The xylem became dark brown to soot, and when the humidity was high, white or bluish-green molds were produced.
Pathogens of this disease are infected with chlamydospore in soil and spread through irrigation water. They invade or directly invade the wound or root hairs from the base or root of the stem. The temperature of the pathogenic bacteria is 24~28°C, and when the conditions are appropriate, the disease can occur for about 15 days. Dead tree phenomenon. Humidity or water after the rain and other conditions are heavier.
Agent spray control: 35% azoxystrobin aqueous solution 1000 times, 85% bacterioclial? F moldy WP 750 times.
Human chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone for the maternal recognition of pregnancy produced by trophoblast cells
Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a glycoprotein secreted by trophoblast cells of the placenta And β dimer proteins. The molecular weight of glycoprotein hormone 36700, A. Pituitary, FSH, follicle stimulating hormone, LH (luteinizing hormone) and TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) are basically similar, So they can cross-react with each other, while the structure of β subunit is not similar. In mature women, the fertilized ova move to the uterine cavity for implantation and form embryos. In the process of development and growth into the fetus, the placental syncytiotrophoblast cells produce a large amount of HCG, which can be excreted into urine through the blood circulation of pregnant women. Serum and urine HCG levels rise Rapidly from 1 to 2.5 weeks of gestation, reaching a peak at 8 weeks of gestation and dropping to moderate levels at 4 months of gestation, which remain at the end of gestation. At present, the commonly used detection methods are: latex aggregation inhibition test and hemagglutination inhibition test; Radioimmunoassay (RIA); Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Monoclonal antibody colloidal gold test
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