"Bitter gourd grows in a sufficient amount of water and fertilizer to make it more fruitful. On sunny days, the sun is violent, water evaporates quickly, and watering needs to be done in a timely manner to avoid drought and wilting, affecting plant growth and flowering results. In the high-yield period, when replenishing water It should also complement nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers....†August 1st, Wang Daiyong, a senior agricultural technician of the County Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, explained the bitter gourd high-yielding fields for the villagers during the bitter gourd cultivation base in Xianyan Village, Ma'an Township, Yilong County. Management skills.
Timely cultivating
Bitter gourd field open space, surrounding fields, and ditch can not have grass, bitter gourd from the seedling stage, that should be promptly cultivator, weeding and earth-cultivation, in order to prevent melon head soil compaction. Generally, after the planting and irrigating, the first cultivating is carried out when the topsoil is slightly dry and not sticky. If there is a windy day or the soil is too dry, the water can be re-irrigated once and then cultivated. The second cultivator can be carried out 10-15 days after the first cultivator. The cultivator should pay attention to the protection of new roots and should not be too deep. Each cultivator can be combined with a number of high-quality farmyard fertilizers: such as cake fats, all kinds of bird hair, and decomposed chicken manure and pig manure. After the scaffolding, when the melon vines grow to more than 50 cm, the roots are basically covered with the entire line, and it is generally not appropriate to plough the vines. However, we must pay attention to the timely removal of weeds to prevent the growth of weeds, in order to improve ventilation and light conditions in the field and reduce pest and disease hazards. In the first cultivator, if a seedling or a weak seedling is found, it must be planted in time to preserve the seedlings. At the same time, we must do a good job of planting and timely removal of the old, yellow, diseased leaves in the lower part of the shed, and the melon-free branches that are hung to the lower part. If possible, shoots with no melon or female flowers above should also be removed. Diseases and insects should also be promptly removed. All the leaves, branches and fruits that are removed should be destroyed by bagging and transportation.
Try to promote flowers
Frequently spraying a small amount of "flowering essence" "promoting fruit spirit" "spray Shibao" "amino acid", alum element, borax, phosphorus dipotassium, calcium nitrate and other agents.
Fertilizer management
The bitter gourd has a large number of fruits and fruits. It takes a long time to harvest, and consumes a large amount of water and fertilizer for a lifetime. Therefore, fertilizer and water management is an important guarantee for winning high yields.
In addition to the application of base fertilizer, the top dressing is generally applied when the vines, flowers, and fruits are pumped. The first application of fertilizer is about 7 days after planting, 10% concentration of human fecal urine or 0.5% compound fertilizer water can be applied. After every 5-7 days, the concentration is gradually increased until the flowering result is reached. Human urine concentration can increase to about 30%. During the flowering period, it is necessary to chase after 2-3 times of heavy fertilizer to prolong its harvest period. Generally, at the beginning of flowering, Mu uses 25-30 kg of cake fertilizer, 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer, and 10 kg of urea. The first time after harvest, 20-25 kg of cake fertilizer and 20 kg of compound fertilizer are continued. Then apply one time, after each harvest 1-2 times, we must apply 30%-40% of human excreta or 10-15 kg of compound fertilizer. Topdressing depends on the weather and the condition of the leaf color. It can be flexibly controlled and increased or decreased as appropriate.
Pest control
The bitter gourd often suffers from wired worm disease, wilt disease (grafted seedlings are generally not diseased), powdery mildew, disease, anthrax and so on. The pests are mainly melon flies and aphids.
Powdery mildew: During onset of flowering and nectarine, the leaves are covered with white powder, causing the leaves to lose green and yellow, resulting in premature aging of the plants. Control methods: When there is a white powder on the leaves, it should be sprayed once every 7-10 days foliar spraying of cyanide solution, triadimefon solution, cuibei, or sulphur suspension aqueous solution for continuous spraying 2-3 times. Note that the amount of syrup water must be large.
Blight: The leaves start from the tips of the leaves or leaves. The shape of the lesions is irregular, and the periphery is not obvious. It is dark green, water stained, and later brown. Lesions can be expanded to the entire or most of the leaves. When wet, a white mold grows at the border of the lesions. Control agents: Chlorothalonil, Epimedemis, Boer Multifluid, Nongliphene, Anc, Cipromorph, Alpha-Phosphorus, Antivirus, or Kimradler Miller. The diseased leaves are taken away and destroyed.
Locust: sprayed with triazophos, insecticides, dimehypo, and fipronil.
Aphids: Imidacloprid, acetamiprid, avermectin spray.
Fruit fly: The larvae invade the young larvae, causing malformation of the larvae and advance coloration, followed by decay and deterioration, and a foul smell. Control methods: During the young period, spray the young melon with fuljins aqueous solution, or farmland water solution, or Kungfu water solution 2-3 times, once every 4-5 days, and remove the deformed fruit in time to focus on burning or deep outside the park. Buried.
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