Due to the favorable conditions for the early growth of wheat, prevention and control of pests and diseases has been effective since April, and the general trend of wheat is gratifying, and a high-yield shelf has been established. However, in view of the abundant precipitation and high temperatures in many regions before and after the jointing of wheat, experts cautioned that it could easily cause the stalks of the base after wheat jointing, especially the first and second internodes are longer, and the stem wall is thinner, which causes the center of gravity of wheat plants to move upwards. The risk of lodging in the middle and late stages increases.
The farmer said: The valley fell and the wheat fell. If the lodging of wheat occurs, it will not only result in a loss of yield, but it will also cause a series of troubles such as difficult mechanical harvesting, late glutinousness, and late production. Therefore, this year's field management of wheat in the middle and later years should focus on issue-oriented and targeted measures should be taken to deal with the following:
One must be careful watering to prevent lodging. The growth and development of wheat after jointing is fast, and the demand for water is very strong. Especially from booting to heading, it is the critical period of wheat water demand, and the impact of drought on yield is the greatest. The water consumption from flowering to maturity accounted for 1/4 of the total water consumption during the entire growth period. Therefore, it is necessary to pour flag flowers or grouting water in a timely manner so as to resist the danger of dry hot wind. However, watering should pay special attention to the weather, not watering in windy or rainy days, but also grasping the amount of irrigation water according to the texture of the soil to prevent lodging.
Second, we must carefully apply fertilizer to prevent late ripening. After jointing, the foliar spray fertilizer can generally be used to supplement the fertilizer demand of wheat. The principle of selecting fertilizers and fertilizers is to prevent premature aging and prevent greediness. In particular, late-seeding wheat, as long as it is not yellowing and nitrogen deficiency in leaves or wheat cultivation for strong gluten, do not spray nitrogenous amino acids, urea and other foliar fertilizers at the later stage, and spray phosphorus, potash fertilizer and trace element fertilizers. It is early to prevent late-maturing gluttonous wheat. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is generally used, and the growth-control agents such as insecticides and brassinolides, which are used to prevent and treat pests and insects, are added to the water and formulated into a compound solution. “One spray, three defenses†are applied 2-3 times. In the market, there is often potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which is actually a ternary compound fertilizer, which contains nitrogen fertilizer. Please pay attention when you purchase it.
Third, we must do a good job of "one spray and three defenses" as soon as possible so that timely response and early prevention and early control can be achieved.
Warm winter diseases and insect pests have a higher wintering base, which has led to an earlier occurrence of some diseases and insect pests in wheat this year. It is expected that wheat aphid, red spider, midge, scab, and powdery mildew may be more prevalent. Therefore, "one spray and three defenses" should be started before the flowers are raised according to the actual occurrence of pests and diseases in the fields. Pay attention to even spraying and prevention of injury; strictly abide by the safety procedures for the use of pesticides, do a good job of personnel protection, prevent pesticide poisoning; do a good job in the cleaning of pesticide spraying equipment, recycling of pesticide waste, and other packaging waste products, and pay attention to agricultural ecological security.
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