From the harvest of cotton until the second year of sowing, it is the wintering period of cotton pests and diseases. During this period, cotton pathogens and pests are hidden in winter and dormant in various places. Grasping the favorable opportunity for the wintering period to prevent and control can reduce the number of pests and diseases in the coming year, and it can achieve a multiplier effect. 1, clean pastoral. Cotton bollworms, red spiders, aphids, blister-like bugs, anthracnose pathogens, blight pathogens, etc., can overwinter on dead branches, fallen leaves, rotten bells, and weeds left in the cotton field. Thorough removal of litter and dead bells and eradication of weeds in and around the field can effectively eliminate overwintering pests and diseases. The scavengers must be burned or buried in a timely manner and should not be piled up in the field. 2, deep plowing irrigation. The bollworms, ground tigers, tawny moths, bridge-building moths and other wintering in the soil can be killed by deep plowing irrigation measures. This method has significant control effect, and the death rate of Helicoverpa armigera can reach more than 90%. Deep plowing depth of 30-40 cm, the topsoil turned to the bottom, the subsoil turned to the top, the large earth turned up temporarily not broken, in order to benefit the winter weather. The winter irrigation should be carried out on the 39th day. Generally, the amount of irrigation water per mu is 80-120 cubic meters, and the clay field should be filled with some more. The method of furrow irrigation is better, and avoid flood irrigation. 3, pharmaceutical fumigation. Various pests, such as anthracnose, carrageenan, red rot, and red bollworm, can adhere to the inside and outside of the seed for winter. The storage warehouse can be sealed and 32-37 grams of bromine methane can be smoked and killed in each cubic meter of space. After 3 days of confinement, 98% of the red bollworms and some pathogens can be killed. The cotton seeds can also be soaked in hot water of “three open and one cool†(about 65 degrees of water temperature), and the insecticidal and bactericidal effects are also good. 4. Eliminate the source of insects in storage sites. The larvae of cotton bollworms mainly survive in the gaps between the four walls of the storage warehouse of the cotton and the gaps of the sun-winning storage tools. Therefore, the walls in the warehouse can be sprayed with lime slurry to fill the gaps before storing the cotton. 50% of dichlorvos emulsion was sprayed on the wall surface 100 times, then put cotton, seal the doors and windows, kill the red bollworm. The tools used in harvesting, drying, and transporting are used to scald with boiling water or sprayed with insecticides to eliminate potential larvae. If soaked in water for a week, the insect removal effect is better.
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