Black peanut is a kind of high protein, high arginine, high selenium, high potassium, high melanin, rich in 18 kinds of amino acids, total amino acid content of 27%, protein, high arginine content of 30.68% And 362mg/100g, respectively, higher than the normal peanut 5% and 23.9%, potassium, zinc, selenium content of 700mg/100g, 3.7mg/100g and 8.3mg/100g, respectively, higher than normal peanuts 19%, 48% and 101 %; The advantage of black peanut is special nutrition. It plays an important role in maintaining the body's growth and development, body immunity, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health care, etc. It has anti-cancer, liver protection, myocardial health protection, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention, and human body enhancement. Immunity, elimination of excess body fat, antioxidant anti-aging and other effects, black peanuts have broad prospects in health foods and medical foods, is a kind of black food with a promising future. After 2 years of trial planting, In the case of intercropping orchards, the average yield reached 350 kg/666.67 square meters, and the high-yield plots reached 425 kg/666.67 square meters. The output value reached 3500 yuan/666.67 square meters, which was 3 to 5 times that of ordinary peanuts, and the economic benefits were very significant. 1 Variety characteristics Black peanut plants are semi-upright type, about 40cm in plant height, 50cm in lateral branches, dark green in leaf color, stable in growth, generally do not appear leggy, and have a fertility period of 125 days. They are medium-maturing varieties; High seed setting rate, 150-180 flowers per plant, moderate fruit type, hard shell, not easy to break; 50 to 60 per pier, double fruit rate of more than 90%, 100g weight, 100 kernel weight 180g, out of rice rate 70%; kernels oval, purple when the seed coat is fresh, purple when dry; drought resistance, disease resistance, more resistant to leaf spot, suitable for medium fertility land cultivation. 2 Cultivation Techniques 2.1 The selection of black peanuts in the plots is not strict with the soil requirements. It is suitable for all kinds of soils with pH 5.5-7.2. It is best to use loam or sandy loam with deep soil, good plough, loose soil and good drainage. It is required that the drought be poured and the earthworms be discharged, the depth of the tillage layer should be more than 30cm, and the content of organic matter should be 0.5%-1%. It is best to use raw land for crop rotation. 2.2 Pay attention to basal spring sowing requires deep plowing in winter 25～30cm, and plowing 2500～3000kg/666.67 m2 organic fertilizer. Before sowing, we should shallow plowing 10～15cm before sowing. At the time of ridging, apply 50kg/666.67 square meters of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer +10~20kg/666.67 square meters of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+50kg/666.6 square meters of phosphate fertilizer+5~10kg/666.67 square meters of urea, mainly applied between peanut piers and piers; When it is bad, it must be filled with enough water in the sowing ditch before it can be seeded and fertilized. At the same time, plant 55% of phoxim 0.5kg/666.67m2 and 3kg/666.67m2 of g-line phosphorous, and spray 50% of the planted gully. Carbendazim 500 times solution to prevent stem rot, root rot and other diseases. 2.3 Improve the quality of sowing 2.3.1 Ridge raising promotes ridging planting, ridge distance 30 ~ 40cm, ridge width 55 ~ 60cm, ridge height 10 ~ 15cm, double row planting, spacing 25cm, hole spacing 15cm, sowing depth 5cm, seeding capacity 8500 ~ 10000 points / 666.67 square meters, 2 seeds per hole. 2.3.2 Seed treatment requires selection of double-grained fruit, shelling for 2 to 3 days before shelling, and screening first-grade healthy rice for seed after shelling, and advocating seed dressing with rare earth or seed coating, per kilogram of seed. Mixing 2g of borax with 2g of rare earth can significantly increase the yield and quality. 2.3.3 Plastic film covering Immediately after sowing in early April, 50% acetochlor was sprayed on the soil to close and weed the soil. The amount was 100 mL/666.67 square meters. The requirement was uniform and comprehensive. The surface was then covered with a black mulch and the ridge surface was relatively flat. With moderate elasticity, both sides of the membrane are compacted with ridge and furrow soil. 2.4 Strengthen field management 2.4.1 Breaking membrane seedlings When peanut seedlings expose 2 to 3 true leaves, break the membrane in time and raise the cotyledon up above the membrane surface, requiring 2 to 3 batches to be performed in the morning or evening. It is forbidden to implement it at noon, and then seal the membrane hole to seal it to keep it warm and moist and prevent it from burning. 2.4.2 Timely seedling and seedling planting seedlings 10 to 15 days after the emergence of peanut seedlings timely inspection, found that lack of seedlings, timely soaking seed replanting, in order to protect seedlings full Miaowang. 2.4.3 Appropriate cultivator, before cultivating and sealing the rows, plow soil with appropriate cultivators, and plow the rows of soil to the roots of the plants with a thickness of 20 cm so that the fruit can be easily ploughed into the soil. 2.4.4 Control prosperously remove the main stem at the beginning of flowering period of peanuts, control and prosper, promote the concentration of nutrients, which will help improve the rate of results and fruit weight. For those who grow seedlings, they can be sprayed with 15% paclobutrazol 500 times for control. 2.4.5 Strengthen the application of foliar fertilizer The amount of fertilizer needed in the middle and later stages of peanuts should be larger. It should be started from the flowering stage, and the application of foliar fertilizer should be strengthened. It should be sprayed once every 7-10 days and sprayed 3 to 5 times. The common foliar fertilizer is used. There are: 2% superphosphate calcium leachate, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% to 0.2% ammonium molybdate, 1% to 2% urea, especially 30 to 40 days before harvest, plus 1 injection of 1% urea +0. 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, help prevent premature aging, promote nutrient accumulation, increase production, improve the quality of pods. 2.4.6 Strengthen water management in the fruiting period and the fruit maturity period encountered more severe drought, can be watered by planting ditch small water, avoid flooding irrigation, and timely shallow to prevent the soil consolidation in the ditch. Trench drain. 2.5 Prompt control of pests and diseases Black peas has strong resistance and fewer pests and diseases. It should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of rust, leaf spot and other diseases. It can be used in the early stage of disease with 20% tetrafencarb 1500-2000 times and 70% thiophanate-methyl 1200 times. , 65% mancozeb manganese 600 times, agricultural resistance 120 200 to 300 times to prevent and control, interval 10 to 15 days. 2.6 Properly harvesting black peanuts has a higher moisture content in the ripening stage, slower dehydration, and a shorter ripening period. It should be harvested in a timely manner to prevent sprouting and rotting. When the upper leaves of peanuts are yellow, the shell network is clear and the species is clear. When the kernels are bright and shiny, they must be harvested in time. The harvest is too early and the pods are not full, resulting in a reduction in yield. If the harvest is too late, the pods are easy to fall off. The growth period is about 125 days.
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