First, the symptoms. The diseased plant grew poorly and the plants were short. The leaves are small, small and yellow. The end of the root produces a round, spindly or irregularly shaped nodular root knot, one to several millimeters wide, initially yellowish-white, with a smooth surface, then brown, with a rough surface and broken and rot. Sometimes 1 mm to 2 mm large root knots can form above the bulbs. Second, the etiology and pathogenesis. The disease is caused by nematodes of 4 to 5 species of root-knot nematodes, which are mainly Meloidogyne incognita. The wintering of eggs, larvae and adults in diseased soil and diseased roots mainly spreads through the soil. Long-distance transmission caused by diseased plant strains. Watering, applying uncooked fertilizer can also spread. Continuous cropping, high temperature and high humidity, potted soil loosening, and excessive humidity are favorable for disease development. Third, prevention and treatment methods. (1) Pen earth processing. The exposure method can be used when the summer temperature reaches above 30°C. In the well-lit outdoor or on the balcony concrete floor, the soil is piled into a thin layer of 8 cm to 10 cm. It is exposed to sunlight for 20 days to 30 days and it is turned several times a day to fully dry it. (2) Strengthen quarantine. Inspect the seedlings and surrounding soil in time to prevent transmission of diseased plants. The severely infected strains should be immediately removed and burned, and the soil should be disinfected with formaldehyde. (3) Use disease-free seedlings and bulbs for treatment. The disease-free strong seedlings should be used to plant pots. Bulb treatment can be sterilized by soaking in 45°C warm water for 30 minutes.
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