Gaoguanzhai Town, Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province, is a well-known melon planting base in the country. In recent years, due to the continuous planting of melons, soil-borne diseases have become more common. Recently, Sun Mingyao, a melon farmer in the town's Dongan Village, reported that the 4 mu shed of melons appeared wilting. In order to clarify the cause of wilting, the author came to his melon shed.
The survey found that the sensation of the melon wilting of the old grandson: most of the plant leaves gradually wilted from the base to the top, especially at noon, and could be recovered sooner or later. After a few days, the leaves of the plant were wilting and no longer recovered. The base of the stem is slightly curled up, the surface of the stem is rough, and there are longitudinal cracks in individual melons. This symptom is a typical melon wilt.
Melon wilt, also known as wilt disease, vine disease, is a common disease of melon, and it is not timely controlled, often causing death of large melon fields. The disease is a soil-borne disease that invades the vascular bundle from the roots and rhizomes. Generally, there are few sunshine hours, continuous rainy days, heavy watering, and severe incidence of melon wilt disease; heavy soil, low topography, poor drainage, and severely managed land masses are heavier; excessive nitrogen fertilizer, insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and application of unripe organic carriers. Fertilizer or suffer from the harm of underground pests, are easy to induce the disease.
Melon wilt can occur in the whole growing season of melon, but it is most susceptible to flowering and melon. It mainly damages the leaves and stems. The cotyledon yellowed after the seedling stage and soon dried up. In the early stage of disease, generally no symptoms of wilting are shown. After fruiting, especially in the early stage of fruit enlargement, the symptoms of wilting begin to appear, especially the wilting at noon is very obvious. After 3-5 days, the entire melon leaf wilts and hangs, and after a few days the whole melon wilts. .
Measures to control melon wilt:
1. Rotate with non-guad crops. 2. Use resistant varieties. In general, thin-skinned muskmelons are more resistant than muskmelon varieties. 3. Strengthen field management. It is best to use seedlings for nutrition, not to injure the roots when transplanting, and to keep well drained water, reduce nitrogen fertilizer, and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The diseased plants were found to be burned in a timely manner, and diseased spots and surrounding areas were sprayed with medicine to disinfect or sprinkle lime. 4. Chemical control. Add 1 kg of 50% carbendazim WP to 25 kg of fine soil and mix well. Disperse the soil in the cultivation hole before planting (or planting) for 2-3 days. Discard the soil when spotted diseased plants are found in the field. (Copper and calcium sulphate) 600 times liquid plus 500 times the amount of pridon fish protein irrigate; also can use potassium permanganate 800-1000 times + 500 times the amount of Pridon fish protein irrigate root, per pot irrigation solution 300- 400 ml. If irrigated at the same time, the foliar spray 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times + polydyne fish protein 600 times, spray every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 times, the control effect is better.
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