Rice seedling disease prevention and control technology

Rice seedling disease is commonly known as male carp, which is a fungal disease. The pathogen can produce gibberellin, so it can cause adventitious roots in rice plants and sections. The disease can occur from the seedling stage to the heading stage. The paddy field, the Honda tiller to the jointing stage, and the booting to heading stage are the three peaks of concentrated performance.

First, the symptoms

Seed-borne bacteria is the main cause of the onset of seedling stage. The diseased seedlings are thin and thin, 1/3 higher than the healthy plants, and the leaves and sheaths are narrow and long. The whole plant is yellow-green, the roots are poorly developed, the root hairs are sparse, and some of the diseased seedlings are inserted. Death before and after. In the adult stage, the diseased plants usually appear about 1 month after transplanting, and the symptoms are similar to those of the seedling stage. The diseased plants have few or no tillers, and the joints are significantly elongated. The nodes are often bent to expose the sheaths. The lower stems have many inverted adventitious roots. Afterwards, the stems gradually decayed; the severely ill plants died at the booting stage, the lightly diseased plants often headed early, the ear shape was short, and the grain was not real; when the weather was wet, the surface of the dead plant was covered with light red and white mildew.

Second, the disease conditions

1. Seed carrier is the initial source of infection of the disease. Rice seedling disease is a high temperature pathogen. It does not show symptoms when the soil temperature is lower than 20 °C or higher than 40 °C. The optimum temperature for growth and development of pathogens is 25-35 °C, and the optimum temperature for invading the host is 35 °C. The dry nursery plague is more serious than the water germination; the application of nitrogen fertilizer stimulates the development of the disease; the application of the unfertilized organic fertilizer is serious.

2, seedlings weak; seedling bed irrigation is not timely, lack of water and drought, cracking, easy to cause seedling root injury, or seedlings due to lack of water on the nursery bed to cause root injury, such seedlings transplanted after the incidence of heavy.

3. The seeds of the seeds that are not thoroughly immersed in the seeds are heavier than the seeds that are thoroughly immersed in the seeds.

Third, prevention methods and remedial measures after the occurrence

The disease is a circulating disease mainly caused by seed transmission. Therefore, disease-free seeds are first selected, and secondly, strict seed disinfection is the key to prevention.

1. Strengthen cultivation management. The germination should not be too long. It is necessary to avoid damage to the roots as much as possible, so as to achieve “five no insertions”: that is, no insertion of overnight sputum, no insertion of old age, no deep mud, no sturdy sun, no cold water immersion.

2. Remove the residue of the diseased plant. The diseased plants are removed and destroyed in time, and the diseased straw is used as fuel or composting.

3. Preventing root injury and seed injury of rice seedlings is the key to reducing the invasion of germs.

4. Seed treatment. Seed disinfection is an effective measure to prevent and treat this disease. Soak seeds with 1% lime water clear solution, soak for 3 days at 15-20 °C, dip for 2 days at 25 °C, the water layer should be 10-15 cm higher than the seeds, avoid direct light; or soak seeds with 25% prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times 72 hours; or soak seeds with 25% Shibao emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times for 72 hours;

5. When found on the seedbed, after manual removal, you can spray 95% Luheng 1 (Mexually Agaric) 4000 times liquid or 40% prochloraz 3000 times in Putian, and use the above seedlings after seedlings. One of the methods is root treatment, and transplanting after 30 minutes of stacking can effectively alleviate the incidence rate in the field.

6. Strengthen field water management. The field with water in the tillering stage and the booting stage is mildly affected, and the wet field in the inter-dry is relatively serious.

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