November to February
Dormant period
1, plastic: generally natural shape, set at about 60 cm in height, then choose to stay on the top of the growth and growth of similar 3-4 shoots new shoots, cultivate the main branch, pruning in the main branches full bud short Cut, cut out buds. The main branches were opened at an angle of 50-60, and 1-2 main branches were cultured per main branch. 2, pruning: generally take a short cut, thin branches, slow release, pull branches, branches and other ways, due to tree pruning, so that all levels of primary and secondary branches clear, subordinate clear. Mainly sparse the dense branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, back on the vertical branches, dead and dead branches, thin and dry branches, etc., on the sagging, old and debilitating branches should be timely rejuvenation and rejuvenation. 3, Clear Garden: Clear the weeds in the orchard and pruned the pests and branches left by the pruning, then spray the canopy 1-2 times with Baume's 5 degree lime sulfur mixture.
March
Budding flowering
1. Pre-flower cutting: It is a supplement to winter pruning, making a small number of thinning and cutting. Sparse cut branches, short cuts too many branches. 2, Bao Hua Baoguo: (1) artificial pollination: for the lack of pollen varieties and poor weather during the flowering year. After the pollen is naturally air-dried, mixed starch or talc is given 3-4 times to the stigma. 6-8 flowers are awarded for long fruit branches, 3-4 for middle fruit branches, and 2-3 short fruit branches. (2) Spraying fertilizer: In the flowering period and young fruit period, spraying 0.2-0.3% borax + 0.3-0.5% urea + 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other mixed liquids 2-3 times. 3 Thinning: (1) Artificial sparse flowering: In combination with artificial pollination, 1/2 - 2/3 flowers can be eliminated. (2) In the flowering period, the lime sulfur is sprayed at 0.4-0.5 degrees. 4. Pest control: The main insects are the flower thrips, weevils, stink bugs, aphids, etc., and can use a variety of broad-spectrum insecticides for timely control; the main diseases are anthrax, brown rot, scab, and leaf atrophy. , perforation and other hazards and potential, at this time should pay attention to prevention, can use a variety of fungicides. Insecticides and bactericides can be used in conjunction to achieve pest control. Before germination, pay attention to the use of contact-type WP insecticide mixed with fine soil, sprinkled in the tree tray, use a hoe to dig shallowly to kill the overwintering insects in the soil. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, “biological control, physical prevention and control†is adopted, and a series of green prevention and control technologies such as yellow boards, blue boards, insecticidal lamps, and predator feeds are promoted in the orchards to improve the quality and quality of fruits and achieve high quality, safety, and hygiene. Eliminate the use of highly toxic and high residue pesticides.
April
Young fruit growth period and fruit hard nuclear stage
1. Spray foliar fertilizer: spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 0.4% -0.5% urea mixture every 10-15 days, or spray leaf surface treasure, leaf green spirit and so on. 2. Thinning fruit bagging: The medium-maturing varieties are to be carried out later this month, leaving 3-5 long-medium fruiting branches, 2-3 middle-fruiting branches, 1 fruit for short fruiting branches, and all the remaining fruits removed. For: small fruit, abnormal growth, disease and fruit, dense fruit and so on. The insecticide and fungicide were sprayed one day in advance and then the bags were individually bagged with special paper bags. 3. Fertilization and Irrigation: For weaker tree vigor and Yuchun, suitable fertilization and irrigation, fertilization with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and quick-acting organic fertilizers. 4. Pest control: The main insect pests include weevil, stink bug, leafhopper, scale insect, aphid, peach aphid, etc., with a variety of insecticides timely control; the main diseases are anthrax, brown rot, sore Diseases, leaf diseases, perforation and other hazards and potential, can be used to control a variety of fungicides.
May
Hard fruit
Nuclear period and rapid expansion
1. Thinning Fruit Bagging: This task will be completed as soon as possible for medium and late-maturing varieties. From early May to late, successive fruit thinning and bagging were performed on medium and late-maturing varieties. 2, summer pruning: Take care of buds, topping, twisting branches, cutting tip and other methods to help shape and adjust the tree potential. 3, Shi strong fruit fertilizer: nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, with the application of quick-acting organic fertilizer. For early maturing varieties and vigorous tree vigor, potassium fertilizer is the main type, and medium- and late-maturing varieties are mainly combined with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Fertilizer accounts for 20-30% of the total annual production. 4, pest control: continue to use fungicides to prevent anthracnose, scab, brown rot, perforation, leaf ailments, etc.; timely use of pesticides to prevent peach aphid, stink bug, aphids, peach bees, little leafhoppers , Tian Long, scale insects and so on.
June to August
Fruit development and maturity
1, summer pruning: continue to do this job. 2. Application of fruit fertilizer: The use of nitrogen fertilizer and quick-acting organic fertilizer is the main method, and the amount of fertilizer used accounts for 15-20% of the total amount of the year. 3, pest control: The main pests are peach aphid, a little leafhopper, aphids, peach bee, Tianni and so on. The cured larvae use thin wire to catch larvae, and then use cotton sticks with contact-killing insecticides to stuff them into the wormholes to kill them, or kill them by hand. The main diseases are still anthrax, scab, brown rot, leaf shrive, and perforation. At this time, leaf shrinkage is very obvious, and drug control has lost its effect. It can manually remove diseased leaves and burn them in order to avoid the danger of proliferation in the coming year. Note that peach fruit can not be sprayed with pesticides 15-20 days before harvest.
September to October
Deciduous period
1, garden soil tillage weeding: plough garden soil, eradicate the weeds buried deep in organic fertilizer, clear the ground, the diseased leaves on the trees, diseased fruit branches and concentrated burning. 2, Shiji Fei: promote winter fertilizer autumn, the most amount of fertilizer, accounting for about 50% of the total amount of the year, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium with organic fertilizer application.
Appendix: 1. Names and concentrations of main fungicides: (1) Shiyan mixture is used in Baume 5 degrees in winter, Baume 0.4-0.5 degrees in flowering, and Baume 0.3 degrees in fruit growth; (2) Bordeaux 1:1:100, mainly used in the treatment of leaf bud disease and punch disease; (3) zinc sulfate lime solution: zinc sulfate, nitric acid, water ratio of 1:4:240, the main control bacteria Perforation; (4) 0.15% tetramycin 600 times; (5) 70% thiophanate-methyl powder 2000 times; (6) Shigao: 5000 times; (7) 6% chloramphenicol powder 1500 times liquid. 2. Names and concentrations of main insecticides: (1) Emamectin benzoate 800 times (broad spectrum insecticide); (2) 8% avidin 600 times (Spraying spiders, etc.); (3) Oil emulsion 50-100 times (killing insects, spiders, etc.); (4) 1200-1500 times of fruit (killing insects, spiders, etc.); (5) 80 % Dichlorvos 1000 times (broad-spectrum insecticide, used during flowering).
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