Apple ringworm disease is a common and important disease in apple production areas in China and even in the world. Branches of bumble beetle disease can lead to weakening of tree vigor, drastically reduced yields or outbreaks, and even dead trees destroying the garden. Fruit ringworm disease can lead to decreased yield, poor quality, and even mildew ulceration. Both kinds of ringworm disease seriously plague the continuous, rapid and healthy development of apple production. According to the results of disease resistance identification of apple ringworm disease, in all 50 varieties of cultivated varieties across the country, in addition to China's unique apple germplasm resource chicken cocks as the immune species of the disease, all other varieties have varying degrees of disease . Among them, nearly 30 varieties such as Fuji, Red Marshal and Sweet Huangkui are all susceptible varieties; 7 varieties such as Guoguang, Hongyu and Hanfu are moderately susceptible varieties; Jinqing, Ningfeng and Cuiqiu, etc. More than 10 varieties are mildly susceptible varieties. According to field survey data, the incidence of orchards in Liaoning Province, which is one of the main apple producing areas in China, accounts for 96.4% of the total number of orchards surveyed. In all diseased orchards, 100% of the orchards were found to be sick, and the condition was generally heavier. The brief description of the causes and non-pollution comprehensive control technologies of apple ringworm disease is as follows:
First, the incidence of ringworm disease
Apple spongiformis is mainly transmitted by wind and rain, and the greater the intensity of wind and rain and the longer the duration, the faster the spread and the more severe the disease. The lenticels on the branches of the apple and the fruit are the main invasion pathways of the pathogen. According to field surveys, soil bulk density, excessive moisture content, organic matter and total nitrogen content are too small, imbalance of nutrient elements, overload, tree circumcision, low-temperature chilling injury, excessive application of PP333, and removal of diseased bodies Thorough or no cleanup and inadequate control measures are all important reasons for the occurrence and spread of apple ringworm disease.
Second, the control of stem ring disease
1. Choose an orchard with fertile soil, deep soil, sheltered winds, and well-drained neutral loam or sandy soil blocks.
2, be sure to promptly remove all kinds of sickness outside the orchard, or burned, or buried in order to completely eliminate the source of infection.
3, appropriate determination of the load, can not blindly pursue high yield, in the general case of the fruit should be maintained 5-6:1 is appropriate.
4, the implementation of organic balanced fertilization, continue to increase tree vigor, should be dominated by organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer combined, organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen ratio should be above 1:1. Each lOOkg of fruit production should be fully applied 100-150kg of quality farmyard manure, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer lkg, phosphate fertilizer 0.5kg, potassium fertilizer lkg, calcium fertilizer 0.5kg (every year), silicon fertilizer 0.8kg (every year) The necessary trace fertilizer should be applied as appropriate. Should be divided into spring and autumn fertilization, dug into a sturdy bar-shaped groove (width 30-40cm, depth 40-50cm), the first fertilizer and soil mix evenly after the application of ditch, then cover the soil, step on the tight pressure.
5. During the rainy season and low-lying orchards, attention must be paid to timely drainage. Avoid long-term accumulation of water in orchards, and increase or improve the permeability of orchard soil. To promote the robust growth of the tree.
6. In the late March and late October of each year, spraying or applying at the diseased place should be a non-pollution fungicide with good antagonism against Physalospora pneumoniae 5*Be lime sulfur mixture: silica powder (100:4 or 6) Complex formulation liquid can achieve significant control effect.
7. Before the first application in late March, the surface of the new tumor must first be scraped and the upper lesion of the old tumor must be completely scraped off before spraying or applying the above non-pollution bactericide.
Third, the fruit ring disease prevention and control technology
1, scientific experiments and production practices show that effective and effective prevention and treatment of Thunbius can significantly reduce the occurrence and harm of fruit ringworm disease. Therefore, it is extremely important to do a good job of prevention and treatment of branch ring vein disease.
2, should be sprayed about 7 days after apple blossom 1-2 times 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times, and then double-bag timely fruit bagging, the control effect can generally reach 100%; this is The crucial measure.
3, to implement the carbendazim and Bordeaux mixture alternately spraying, carbendazim and lime sulfur mixture alternately application, Zhongshengmycin and Bordeaux mixture alternate application. The control effects of these three drug combinations have reached 96.5% to 98.1%. Usually, the pesticide should be applied once every month in late May, early June, late June, early July, late July, early August, and late August, which will effectively curb fruit ringworm disease. Occurrence and hazards.
Dried Champignon Mushroom,Dried Mushroom Slices,Dehydrated Dried Mushrooms,Delicious Mushroom, Champignon Mushroom Cubes
Jiangsu Tiankang Food Co., Ltd. , https://www.tiankangfood.com