Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract with clinical manifestations of occlusion, rapid development and poor prognosis. Pancreatic cancer has the lowest survival rate among all major cancers, and one of the most important reasons is the lack of diagnostic tools to detect the disease in its early treatable stage.
Recently, Lev T., Director of the Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Optics, Bessie Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) A research team led by Dr. Perelman has developed a significant new tool that uses scattering spectroscopy and diagnostic algorithms to quickly distinguish between benign cysts of the pancreas, cancerous and precancerous cysts with an accuracy of 95%. The traditional preoperative detection accuracy is only 58%. The team's preliminary research was published last week in the journal Nature, the journal Biomedical Engineering.
Pancreatic cancer is usually detected at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. According to the medical community, in the 21st century, pancreatic cancer has replaced liver cancer and become a new "cancer king." The reason why pancreatic cancer is called "cancer" is because it has a high incidence rate and is difficult to detect early. Once it is found that more than 50% is advanced; the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer is high, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. Basically, how many people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer each year, how many people die [2].
Professor Perelman said: "About one-fifth of pancreatic cancers occur in pancreatic cysts, but not all pancreatic cystic lesions are cancerous." Currently, doctors usually rely on endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. (EUS-FNA) to detect the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cysts. Tissue fluid is extracted from the cyst and then tested for the presence of cancer cells or indicative signs of disease.
However, because cyst fluids usually contain very few cells, fluid chemical analysis also lacks accuracy, and this assay is only 58% accurate. And this 58% accuracy often leads to more terrible consequences. Not only will the early detection and treatment of early pancreatic cancer be severely delayed, but inaccurate diagnosis will also expose patients to unnecessary pancreatic surgery. Knowing that moving a knife on the pancreas is a huge risk.
There is a saying that pancreatic cancer surgery is the most difficult in general surgery. General surgery is divided into four levels according to the difficulty coefficient. Pancreatic cancer surgery is the most difficult fourth stage, and the surgical procedures are many and complicated. The pancreas is the most secretive organ in the abdominal cavity, involving the most blood vessels and organs. The anatomical structure is the most complicated, and a slight accidental operation can cause massive bleeding. Surgery usually involves removal of the duodenum and a portion of the jejunum, while reestablishing connections between multiple organs. Such a big move, the incidence of postoperative complications of pancreas is much higher than other general surgery.
Pancreas and pancreatic cancer
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