Increasing the amount of female flowers in cucumber is an effective way to increase yield. Use the following method to increase the female flower of cucumber:
1. Spraying ethephon: After the first yellow leaf is produced in cucumber, the cucumber plant is sprayed with 120 mg/L of ethephon, and sprayed once more after 1 week. Spraying ethephon can not only increase the number of female flowers, but also control the growth of plants and enhance the seedlings.
2, sodium naphthalene acetate salt: After the cucumber produced 2 - 3 true leaves, spraying the cucumber plant with 100 mg / liter of sodium naphthalene acetate aqueous solution, the female flower can be increased by 3 times, and the male flower is over-controlled.
3. Spraying triiodobenzoic acid: In the cucumber seedling stage, spraying cucumber plants with 250 mg/L of triiodobenzoic acid solution and 250 mg/L of maleic acid hydrazine aqueous solution can greatly increase the number of female flowers and reduce male flowers. Thereby achieving the purpose of increasing cucumber production and improving economic benefits.
For cucumbers to be of high quality, it is necessary to avoid deformed melons and knotted melons. Deformed melons such as pointed melons, big belly melons, curved melons and bee waist melons have greatly affected the quality and economic benefits of the products. In order to avoid deformed melons and produce melons, it is necessary to take preventive measures according to the formation of deformed cucumbers.
1, pointed melon. The pointed melon is also called the pointed melon, and the reason for the prevention measures is taken:
1 Cucumber is weakly parthenocarpic and female flowers are not fertilized during flowering. Because the single-sex-skinned variety is generally difficult to develop on its own, and because the female flower is not fertilized, the seed can not form seeds, lacking the source of power to promote the transport of nutrients to the fruit, thus causing the end-line malnutrition, forming a pointed melon. The control measures are to create good pollination conditions during the flowering stage of cucumber, such as bee-laying, artificial pollination or spraying of Naduobao calcium-boron mixture, which can effectively prevent the malformation caused by poor pollination.
2 In the early stage of plant growth, the supply of nitrogen fertilizer is insufficient, making the stem of the plant thin and tough, and the fruit will also produce pointed melon. It is possible to apply fertilizer with higher nitrogen content such as urea and spray the leaf with high nitrogen content. Noodle fertilizer, such as Nadowang - nitrogen magnesium calcium mixture.
3 Plant growth is weak, especially in the late stage of fruit enlargement, the lack of fertilizer and water, so that the normal nutrient supply can not be obtained in the fruit, ensuring sufficient mineral nutrients to transport to the fruit. Therefore, it is necessary to timely topdress and apply high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer.
2, big belly melon. Reasons for the formation of prevention measures:
1 Cucumber female flowers are incompletely fertilized, only produce seeds at the apex of the melon, so that the nutrients accumulate to the apex, resulting in the apex pulp tissue is particularly large, showing a big belly head. Create good flowering pollination conditions for prevention and control, and spray Naduobao-calcium-boron mixture at the flowering stage to prolong the pollination time and make the female flower pollination completely.
2 Plants are deficient in potassium and nitrogen is supplied in excess, which will produce big belly melon. Control measures: Apply potassium nitrate, grass ash, etc., or spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the foliage of plants.
3 Cucumber lacks water in the early stage of growth, and a large amount of water supply in the later stage will produce big belly melon. This is because water has a strong influence on the elongation or hypertrophy of cells. When water is scarce, the cells grow slowly, and when a large amount of water is supplied, the cells develop rapidly. Control measures: Balance the water supply throughout the growing season, keep the soil wet, and avoid excessive drought and water shortage or flood irrigation.
3. Bend the melon. Reasons for the formation of prevention measures:
1 Cucumber fertilization is not complete, only the egg cells on the side of the ovary are fertilized, resulting in the imbalance of the entire fruit development into a curved melon.
2 During the growth of cucumber, curved melons are produced by factors such as high temperature, high humidity and bad weather. Prevention and treatment technology: Take a toothpick and tie it on the cucumber vine that produces the curved melon strip, then pour the water again. The next day, the melon can be straightened. At this time, the fine toothpick can be pulled out and the cucumber can still grow normally.
3 During the growth of the cucumber, the melon strip is blocked by the foreign object and cannot be stretched normally, resulting in deformed bending. Control measures: After the cucumber is placed on the melon, remove the foreign matter that blocks the growth and development of the cucumber, and the cucumber can be elongated normally.
4, bee waist melon. Reasons for the formation of prevention measures:
1 Similar to the formation of curved melons, the female pollination of cucumber is incomplete, and it is easy to develop into a bee waist.
2 After pollination of cucumber, the supply of nutrients in the plant is insufficient, the accumulation of dry matter is less, and the nutrient distribution is insufficient, which is also likely to cause the development of cucumber to form a peak waist. Control methods: strengthen plant nutrition, especially in the fruit setting period, increase the supply of fertilizer and water to ensure adequate nutrient accumulation. In addition, for curved melon or bee waist melon, hormone treatment can be used to make the cucumber melon straight. Commonly used hormones are: 2,4--D, the concentration is preferably 0.01%--0.1%; GA, the concentration is preferably 50 mg/kg. Treatment method: Apply or spray within 3 days before flowering of cucumber, and treat it best on the day of flowering. It can also be sprayed with Nanabao 1000 times liquid foliar, non-hormone.
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