Lactating cows have a situation in which milk production and feed intake are unbalanced for a period of time after birth. Therefore, in the process of milking and gestation, it is necessary to correctly feed the animal based on the amount of milk produced and the amount of cattle consumed.
The lactating cow is called the perinatal period from the time before delivery to the postpartum period. During the perinatal period, lactating cows are prone to hypocalcemia. The calcium content of colostrum is 2 times more than that of normal milk. With the increase of milk production, the loss of calcium also increases. Hypocalcemia occurs when calcium intake does not compensate for the loss of calcium in the blood and bones.
First, feeding and management
After milking, the cow's milk volume increased rapidly after delivery, peaking at 7-9 weeks, but dry matter intake peaked at 10-12 weeks. Therefore, at the beginning of lactation, milk production and dry matter intake of lactating cattle cannot be balanced. If this kind of energy imbalance is too serious, nutrients in the nutrients accumulated by the cow's body fat will be mobilized, leading to metabolic and reproductive disorders such as ketosis and fatty liver. Therefore, in this period, the most important thing is to adjust the feed formula of dairy cows reasonably. Basically, it is necessary to increase the amount of concentrate feed in the late stage of the dry milk, change to a feed with higher nutritional value after delivery, and increase the amount every 2 to 3 days. . However, feeding too much concentrated feed causes the pH of the first stomach to drastically decrease, causing a metabolic disorder called "rumoric acidosis," which results in loss of appetite and hooves.
Starting 4 months after delivery, the amount of concentrated feed must be properly adjusted according to the reduction in milk volume. It should not be too much or too little. If the feeding amount is too much, it will cause the cow to become over-fat, increase the chance of getting sick after the next delivery, reduce the milk production capacity, and affect the reproduction. Therefore, we should avoid the practice of letting the cow eat fat when it starts to fall and let the cow return again during the dry period. Conversely, feeding too little causes the cow to be very thin and it is difficult to recover. Therefore, during this period, it is necessary to pay attention to the rational adjustment of feed concentrates so that the cows can reach the optimum level during the next peak of lactation.
Second, disease prevention
1. Ketopathy: When the cow's energy is insufficient, body fat is mobilized in large amounts. If the metabolism is not good, the metabolic ketones in the blood will increase, causing metabolic disorders. Symptoms include: lack of spirit, loss of appetite, loss of milk, etc. In particular, the reduction in feed intake caused the cattle to quickly become thinner.
2. Fatty liver: As with ketosis, if body fat is heavily mobilized, excess fat that the liver cannot handle will accumulate in the liver, causing liver function to decline, resulting in reduced feed intake, cows getting thinner, and milk The amount of decline.
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