The autumn and winter management of fruit trees is an important part of fruit tree management and a necessary measure to ensure good growth and results in the second year.
First, fertilization base fertilizer is the basic fertilizer for the supply of nutrients in fruit trees for a long time in one year, and must be applied. Usually, it is mainly based on delayed organic fertilizer, combined with phosphate fertilizer and a small amount of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is mostly used for human and animal manure, green manure, grass, straw, etc. Phosphate fertilizer is commonly used for superphosphate. The most suitable time for applying the base fertilizer is autumn, and the fruit is taken immediately after harvesting, preferably sooner rather than later. Fertilization can be applied alternately every year by annular ditch fertilization, radiation ditch fertilization, and ditch fertilization.
2. After the fruit tree is applied in the autumn, the winter water is poured once before the soil is frozen.
Third, the white painted trunk of the trunk can prevent freezing damage and prevent tree trunks from overwintering pests and diseases. The trunk is painted white with lime water. Add appropriate salt and pig blood, or add a small amount of yellow mud.
Fourth, plastic pruning fruit tree pruning, especially winter pruning is the main measure of fruit tree management, flexible use of "short cut, thin branches, shrinking, cutting, wounds, curved branches, support techniques, pull skills" and other means. To achieve "tangible and indefinite, invisible and indiscriminate", the fruit tree backbone is stable and firm, and the branches are suitable for distribution. After pruning for fruit trees that have been cultivated for many years, it is necessary to pay attention to retain the extension head of the backbone branches, and to properly trim the branches, so as to achieve the three-dimensional result of “thin and dense, dense and dense, dense and denseâ€, and solve the ventilation. Light transmission problem, appropriate branching and shrinking of cross branches, overlapping branches, drooping branches, and diseased branches. For the pruning of natural trees that have not been pruned for many years, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the transformation of trees, make full use of the means of "supporting, pulling" and other means to open the angle of large branches, appropriate branching and shrinking, focusing on ventilation and light transmission, and the regeneration of branches. Avoid excessive sparse branches, turn large trees into small trees, and cause "mouth injury" and "ring injury" in the center.
V. Pest Control (1) Combine pruning and cut off pests and diseases. Timely remove the dead leaf diseased fruits on the tree, remove the lashings such as the hanging fruit rope, and eliminate the wintering places of pests and diseases. In time, scrape off the old skin on the tree and burn it. (2) The lesions on the fruit trees should be scraped off in time. After scraping, apply 843 healing agent, cure rot, etc., and remove the residue of the lesions and burn them. (3) The stone sulphur mixture has a annihilative effect on a variety of fruit tree pests and diseases, especially after the leaves of the fruit trees are deciduous, when the branches are all exposed, the effect of "light-drying" drugs is better, and you can use your own Baume 3 degrees. Stone sulphur mixture. When spraying, it is necessary to spray from top to bottom, from inside to outside, spray evenly, and spray the whole plant.
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