Peanut is also known as groundnut and longevity fruit. It is a leguminous plant and has peanuts planted throughout China. However, it is mainly distributed in Fujian, Guangxi, Sichuan, Jilin, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong and other regions. In Shandong Province, the largest area of ​​peanuts is grown, so peanut production in Shandong Province is also the largest.
In addition to the daily consumption of peanuts, peanuts can also be used to make peanut oil. Peanut oil is a commonly used edible oil. Peanut nuts contain 40% to 50% of oil. The oil yield of peanuts is higher than that of other crops. A lot higher, peanut oil output rate of 45% -50%, and we usually mentioned soybean oil output rate is only 14% -16%, GM soybean oil yield is only about 18%. The oil extracted from the peanut kernels is light yellow transparent and has a unique and rich aroma.
Peanut contains 40%-50% fat oil, 20%-30% nitrogenous material, 8%-21% starch, 5%-8% moisture, 2%-5% dietary fiber, 2%- 4% ash, in which nitrogenous substances in addition to protein amino acids, such as γ-amino-α-methylene-butyric acid, γ-methylene glutamic acid, purines and lecithin, the following specific introduction The nutrients of peanuts.
The nutritional content of 100 grams of peanuts is as follows:
Edible portion: 71g
Fat: 48g
Carbohydrate: 23.8g
Protein: 21.7 g
Dietary fiber: 6.3 grams
Moisture: 4.1g
Ash content: 2.4g
Vitamin A: 10 mg
Carotene: 60 mg
Thiamine: 0.13 μg
Riboflavin: 0.12 mg
Vitamin E: 12.94 mg
Niacin: 18.9 mg
Potassium: 563 mg
Phosphorus: 326 mg
Magnesium: 171 mg
Calcium: 47 mg
Sodium: 34.8 mg
Iron: 1.5 mg
Zinc: 2.03 mg
Manganese: 1.44 mg
Copper: 0.68 mg
Selenium: 3.9 mg
Heat: 589 kcal
In addition to the above-mentioned nutrients, peanuts also contain a variety of alkaloids. The alkaloids contained in peanuts include: peanut base, choline, and betaine.
Peanuts also contain triterpene saponins. The main component of the non-saponifiable fraction of the midnight and hypocotyl parts of peanuts is sterols, which contain 24-methylene-cholesterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol and campesterol.
The peanut skin also contains lipids, with a monoglyceride content of 25.2%, a hydrocarbon content of 17.7%, a sterol ester content of 12.4%, a triglyceride content of 8.4%, a diglyceride content of 9.9%, and free The fatty acid content is 3.9%. Peanut skin also contains 7% of char catechol type tannins, a certain amount of sterols and a small amount of terpenes. Peanut skin also contains anthocyanins, such as colorless delphinidin and colorless cyanidin, but also contains a substance called peanut quail that causes goitre.
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