Rice blight, also known as rust, is commonly known as saplings and sitting squats. In the case of rainy weather, if the field water and fertilizer management is improper, it is very likely to cause red rot. What kind of medicine does rice blight cause? What are the symptoms? How to prevent it?
Rice blight
Rice blight, also known as rust disease. Once the disease occurs, it will cause the leaves of the rice seedlings to be slow, the tillers are slow or not divided, the plant types are clustered, the roots are poorly developed, and the leaf function is impaired, resulting in premature senescence of rice, which seriously affects the normal growth and development of rice, generally reducing production by 10%. -20%, severely up to 30%.
The disease generally occurs more than the beginning of rice tillering, and reaches the peak of the disease at the peak of tillering.
Symptoms of rice blight
The typical symptoms outside the diseased plant are: the affected plants are short, the tillers are small and small, and the upper leaves are straight and the angle between the stems is small. After the rice plant enters the tillering stage, brown spots or short streaks appear on the old leaves, the edges are not obvious, and there is a scorching down from the leaf edge along the leaf edge.
At the peak of the tillering stage, clastic brown spots appear on the leaves. Afterwards, the spots increase and expand, and the leaves gradually turn yellow and brown from the base of the leaves. When the disease is serious, the leaves of the whole field are burnt and burnt.
When the diseased plant is pulled up, the roots are aging, russet, soft and inelastic, and some become black, rot, and the white roots are extremely small.
The occurrence of rice brown blight
1. Soil potassium deficiency
Because the soil itself has a low effective potassium content, it cannot meet the needs of rice growth for potassium.
This type occurs mostly in shallow sand fields, water leakage fields and red and yellow soil paddy fields. It usually begins to develop after ten days of rice planting. The leaves of the early rice plants are slightly dark green, the leaves are long and soft, and the leaves of the base gradually turn yellow or yellowish brown from the tip of the leaf edge along the leaf edge, and the root hair is less and easy to fall off. .
2, plant poisoning type
Because the soil contains a large amount of reducing chemicals such as ferrous iron, hydrogen sulfide and other toxic rice roots, reducing its vitality and disease.
This type occurs mostly in deep mud fields, long-term deep water, poor ventilation, and fields where excessive amounts of unfertilized organic fertilizer are applied. This kind of rice seedlings is difficult to return to green after planting, or the rice seedlings stand upright after greening, almost no tillering, the tip of the leaves first fading down, the leaves of the leaves are yellowing around, and they grow reddish-brown dark spots, even rot, similar to rotten eggs. The smell.
3, low temperature induced type
Long-term low temperature and rain affect the development of rice roots, leading to a decline in the ability to absorb fertilizer.
This type occurs mostly in the early rainy season or the rainy season in the early stage of rice growth, and the large area is simultaneously ill, but the degree is light and heavy. Because under the low temperature condition, the upper leaves of the plant turned pale yellow, and many brown needle-shaped small spots appeared on the leaves. The lower old leaves were yellow-green or light brown at first, then the rice roots were soft, the elasticity was poor, and the white roots were less. And fine. In addition, seedlings planted deep, partial nitrogen fertilizer, long-term water accumulation in rice fields, etc., will increase the occurrence of rice brown blight.
Prevention and cure method of rice brown blight
Red blight must adhere to comprehensive prevention and control, mainly to prevent, the affected field should take corresponding measures according to different types of occurrence, targeted prevention and control.
1. Intensive cultivation, improved soil
By deepening the tillage layer, promoting soil ripening, avoiding continuous no-tillage and interplanting; renovating low-yield fields, renovating the soil and remediating irrigation and drainage systems for poorly drained muddy fields; timely ploughing and drying after harvesting, and improving soil ripening Degree to improve soil permeability.
2. Strengthen cultivation management and improve plant disease resistance
Timely planting, strengthen water slurry management, shallow water live tree, promote early development; balance fertilization, apply more decomposed organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, alternate dry and wet, timely lay-up, cultivate strong seedling; straw returning field, The amount of base fertilizer should be appropriately increased. The ratio of base and manure is adjusted to 6:4. Nitrogen should be appropriately moved forward to accelerate the decay of straw, strengthen the management of water layers, regulate water with water, and adjust fertilizer with water.
3, strengthen classification guidance, early control of the incidence
Potassium deficiency field
Potassium fertilizer should be applied and appropriate nitrogen fertilizer should be applied. The fermented field with excessive organic matter should be drained immediately; during low temperature and rain, it should be drained in time, alternating wet and dry to prevent long-term deep irrigation.
For the diseased field
1 Appropriate application of potassium fertilizer (about 7.5kg/mu) to prevent partial application of nitrogen fertilizer;
2 Appropriately expose the field, adhere to the “shallow-wet-dry†water slurry management mode, dehydrate the exposed fields, increase soil aeration, increase root activity, promote new roots, and improve the potassium absorption capacity of roots.
4, chemical control
1 Generally, one acre of paddy fields needs to use 90% crystal trichlorfon 100-150 grams, perhaps 80% dichlorvos 150 ml, 50 kg water, and it needs to be sprayed when the rice fields are shallow. In order to make the drug better.
2 First drain the water in the paddy field. After one day, fill the water with a small cloth bag containing trichlorfon. After 12 hours, the larvae can be killed.
Website: What are the symptoms of rice blight (rust rust)? What kind of medicine to fight?
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