The Snapping Turtle (the Alligator Snapping Turtle, scientific name: Macroclemystemminckii) is produced in the southeastern United States and is the largest freshwater turtle in the world. Like its distant relative Snake snapper (the Common Snapper, scientific name: Chelydraserpentina), the big snapping turtle has a huge head and strong jaw. However, both the appearance and the way of hunting and eating, the big snapping turtles and snake snapping turtles are quite different.
Legend has it that in 1937, a 403-pound Macroclemys had been discovered on the Neosho River in Cherokee County, Kansas. However, this record has not been verified. The largest individual recorded was 236 pounds at the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. Peter Pritchard met with a skeleton of a snapping turtle in White Springs, Fla., with a 31-inch armor and an estimated 200 pounds when he was alive. Removing these record-breaking individuals, Ernst and Barbour thought that they could grow to an average length of 26 inches (66 cm) and weigh 176 pounds (80 kg).
The Chelydra has a fairly sleek carapace, and the giant snapper has three longitudinal spines on its thick carapace, wide and distinct. These spine processes are extremely evident even in juvenile turtles that are almost as long as the tail and the carapace. A reference to Pritchard's words: "From the front, their kisses are sharper than Chelydra, their eyes are on both sides of their heads, and Chelydra grows closer to the top of the head. Around the eyes is a fleshy, filamentous 'lashes' 'The shield of the abdomen becomes extremely complex and it is wise to abandon the attempt to identify and name these shields.'
The large spine process, large head and neck, and large body size of the Great Snapping Turtle give it a quaint appearance and reputation as a "dinosaur in the turtle class."
All snapping turtles are scavengers and, to a certain extent, they are active hunters. However, only Macroclemys has a pink, worm-like bait at the bottom of its mouth. It will lie quietly in the dark, slow-flowing waters, widen its mouth, swing its bait, and lure those careless fish to explore. Because the large snapping turtles stayed at the bottom of the swamps and estuaries for a long time, a layer of algae was covered in the rough and irregular carapace, and the fish could hardly find its existence. Not to mention the inner layer of his mouth is black and gray. Once the fish approached, the thick clams would quickly close and retain the net meal.
The mating season of Macroclemys was early spring in Florida and late spring in the Mississippi basin. Nesting began about two months after mating. Typically, the digging site is at least 50 yards (50m) away from the water. In the wild, its incubation period is 100 to 140 days, so juvenile turtles can be seen by the beginning of autumn.
In order to prevent the animals from causing potential damage to the environment, California’s laws prohibit residents from keeping any kind of snapping turtles. The snapping turtles handed over to the CTTC were sent back to the eastern states. Although Macroclemys is not as aggressive as Chelydra, any snapping turtle should be careful. David Carroll, who once approached the snake snapping turtle and portrayed the exact image, wrote: "When the snapping turtle is forced to lose its way on land or in shallow water, it will turn around and face any challenger and will swing its head and neck and limbs. In a wrestling posture, their mouths open slightly. These creatures will never compromise." (P. 27) On the other hand, Pritchard said: "When caught, big crocodile turtles won't be as fierce as snake snapping turtles. Instead of struggling, he kept his mouth open and remained still.... But it did stretch his neck backwards to bite any accessible part of the grasper.
Snapping Turtle native to North America and Central America, also known as a small crocodile turtle, gentle personality, maximum weight up to 10 kilograms; another called the alligator turtle, looks strange, ferocious, weighing up to 100 kilograms. The Snapping Turtle is famous for its strong and fleshy meat. It is currently the largest and rarest freshwater meat turtle in the world. Snapping turtle meat in a large number of turtles in its meat flavor is a delicious crisp, delicate and no odor, is a high protein, high amino acids, low fat, low cholesterol, low calorie foods, foreign known as natural senior aquatic products, It is also a 21st-century high-grade meat product. In the United States, 1 kilogram of snapping turtle meat costs $100. Therefore, Snapping Turtles have a high nutritional and nourishing effect, and they are also one of the highly ornamental species of turtles.
Snapping turtle is a rare new species imported from the United States in recent years. Snapping Turtle native to North America and Central America, known for its strong body and more meat, it is also known as the meat turtle, is a rare freshwater amphibious amphibious in the best. Snapping Turtle has high meat yield, rich nutrition, fast growth, and high economic efficiency. Its meat export rate is 85-89%, which is 1.5 times that of ordinary turtles. It is the highest rate of the world’s turtles, and its meat taste. Delicious, even thousands of dollars per kilogram of money turtle is not as good as it is, and crisp than the soft fish, no smell. Snapping turtle meat is a high-protein, high amino acid, low-fat, low-cholesterol, low-calorie high-level natural nutritional food. It can be used as a pulse to help Yang Road, make yin and blood, and benefit refined gas. It is a good product for long illness, body deficiencies, postpartum tonics, male and female inability, anemia, insomnia and brain decline. Turtle has a swelling and cancer effect. Turtle blood and glans also have medicinal value. The back shell is a natural handicraft. Many turtle shells can be used to produce unique and exquisite handicrafts. The economic value of Snapping Turtles is comparable to that of ostriches. In the United States, ostrich meat costs $100 per kilogram, while snapping turtles can cost up to $150-180 per kilogram.
Snapping Turtles are very adaptable and belong to the wide temperature animal. They can live at a water temperature of 3 to 45 degrees. The artificial breeding of snapping turtles is relatively simple. Fish and shrimps, snail shellfish, clams, insects, silkworm cocoons, and other aquatic animals as well as animal viscera and waste are good feeds. After domestication, compound feeds can be used instead of animal feeds. Its breeding environment is similar to that of the soft-shelled turtle. It grows fast, has a high rate of meat production, and has a broad prospect of breeding.
Artificial breeding of turtles not only satisfies people's demand for turtle meat, but also protects wild animals, maintains ecological balance, and makes positive contributions to future generations leaving valuable biological resources.
Snapping turtles have simple feeding conditions, strong ability to adapt to temperature, and are not afraid of cold in winter. They can hibernate naturally and are not afraid of heat in summer. They have strong disease resistance and fast growth speed. The water quality requirements are not high, no pollution, and cleaner.
Under the conditions of artificial rearing, fish, pork, beef and poultry can be fed. Plant foods can be fed apples, leaves.
Snapping turtles are mainly animal-based and eat vegetable feed. Snapping turtles have strong vitality and disease resistance. They grow fast and have an annual weight gain of about 800 grams. The turtle is the most productive turtle in the world. Species, the meat rate of 85% -90%, its delicate meat, delicious meat, high nutritional value. Snapping turtles have a simple feeding environment, strong adaptability, and have high food, medicinal and ornamental value.
Features: Snapping Turtle looks like a crocodile, turtle and crocodile in one set, it is called snapping turtle. The head is relatively large, can not be fully reduced within the shell, the neck is short and thick, the collar has a long brown thorns, small eyes, mouth jaw is smaller, the tip of the kiss, the tail is pointed and long, both sides are ribbed, the ribs are long The meat spikes, with two-thirds of the front of the tail back, has a scale-like uplifted back and a jagged mouth. The back shell is thin. The epithelium is mainly tan, occasionally brownish, and the back has three fuzzy edges. Radial markings, posterior margin dentate, abdomen white, occasionally small black spots, black childhood, thick limbs, muscular, sharp claws and powerful, good at crawling.
Distribution: North America and Central America along the Mississippi River Basin.
Habits: Snapping Turtles grow on the bank from the edge of the forest, like a quiet habitat, like the tide temperature, are amphibians. Snapping Turtles can live in 3～45°C water temperature, with the most active at 20～30°C, the fastest growing at 28～31°C, hibernating below 15°C, and will not be dead under the ice in -5°C water, but above 1°C. Safe winter.
Eating habits: Eat more mixed food, like to eat small animals and aquatic plants in the water, eat dead, live animals, fresh grass leaves and flowers and fruits on the shore. Feeds for artificial rearing include fresh fish, shrimp, snails, clams, insects, cockroaches, cocoons, maggots, yellow mealworms, various internal organs and wastes of livestock and poultry, and extruded feeds. Their food intake changes with changes in the ambient temperature. Between 3 and 5% of its body weight, artificial feeds are fed after training.
Market dynamics: Snapping turtles are on the verge of extinction due to excessive capture. In recent years, the introduction of artificial breeding in China has been successful. It is famous for its strong and fleshy meat. It is also known as a tortoise. It is a rare and valuable product among turtles. It has the characteristics of high meat yield, rich nutrition, fast growth, and high economic value. Its meat rate ranks first in the turtle class, its meat is delicate, crisp, delicious, and has no peculiar smell. The nourishing effect is very obvious. It can pass Renmai Yangdao, make yin and blood, and benefit essence gas, where after a long illness, the blood is deficient and fatigue is weak. Long, weak, coughing and coughing are all effective. Also particularly suitable for postpartum tonic, anemia, insomnia, and mental decline in consumption, turtle shell has a swelling effect, suitable for cancer caused by yin deficiency, blood deficiency syndrome. The glans also have some medicinal value. In addition, its beautiful shape has a high ornamental value.
Keeping instructions:
Feeding: Feeding under natural conditions, feeding once a day in early spring and early winter, feeding at high temperatures at noon. Spring does not reach the late autumn this time is the turtle eating season, feeding twice a day, the time should be in the morning 9 to 10 points and 4 to 5 points in the afternoon, feed the total amount of 40% in the morning, feed 60% in the afternoon, feed in the On the slope or in the corner of the pond, you can also set a plank under the slope for feeding. Once the fixed area is eaten, do not change it frequently. Feed the feed within 90 to 150 minutes. If not, you can't eat it. Times can be less investment, turtles feed more, turtles feed less, the general feed consumption accounted for between 3 to 5% of turtle weight, less spring and autumn food, summer food intake.
There are many varieties of feed, and compound feeds are also available. However, it is important to note that large ones must be cut small and hard ones must be softened with water and raw and cooked. Small tortoises should be fed more nutritious feed and chopped as much as possible to facilitate digestion. Do not feed modified feed. Can also be appropriate with some vegetable feed, such as fruits and other.
Environment: 1. Graded sub-pools can be stocked and reared every square meter for group 1 (2 males) or medium turtles 3 groups or hatchlings 5 ​​to 10 groups or hatchlings 10 to 20 groups, divided by size Feeding, not polyculture, so as not to affect the growth of small turtles.
2, fixed point, regular, quantitative feeding early spring and early winter feeding at noon every day, the late spring to late autumn is the peak season of feeding, feeding twice a day, 9:00 am feeding 40% late afternoon and then feeding 60%, feeding should be Fixed a place, the food dropped in 1.5 hours to finish the degree of eating less than the next time you can cast less food, large to cut small, hard to soak, raw and cooked can be, small hatchling nutrition Rich, finely chopped feed, spoilage feeds cannot be used. The feed is mainly Animal Feed. It can be used with some vegetable, fruit and vegetable feeds, or it can be fed with Turtle Feed.
3, regular time change of water, disinfection of large pool, 20d ~ 50d part of the water 1 time, the small pond 2d ~ 3d or 6d ~ 7d part of the water, the transparency is maintained at 10cm ~ 2ccm, according to the situation in the winter to minimize water change , but the cylinder pot should be timely change of water, pool water generally 20d ~ 30d disinfection with 10ppm bleach, can prevent the incidence of the turtle.
4. Summer pool water must be kept at 80cm, shading more than 1/5 on the pool, raising some duckweed in the pool, planting trees around, and inject new water to cool if necessary so that the water temperature does not exceed 45°C.
5. Breeding and Incubation Wild Snapping Turtles started spawning in the third year, and the captive Snapping Turtles started spawning for 18 months or when they grew to more than 1 kg. The natural mating occurs from April to May and from September to October, and from May to August is the peak of spawning. Female turtles spawn at night, producing 30 to 120 eggs each year, 3 to 4 batches of eggs, 8 to 50 each. Incubation method: The incubator is 20cm high, 50cm wide, and 70cm long. Drill several leak holes in the bottom of the box, put 5cm coarse sand, put 5cm fine sand, put the eggs on the sand (animals with white dots face up), cover 5cm sand, and then covered with rodents, snakes, the use of coarse sand, are first scalded with boiling water disinfection. Check eggs once a day. If the surface of the sand surface is dry, it is necessary to apply water and moisturize it. The hatching rate of hatchlings can range from 65 to 75 days at natural temperatures. The hatching rate is 93% to 96%. If the temperature is 30°C and the relative humidity is 80% to 90%, hatchlings can be hatched after 50d...60d. The hatching rate is 98%. After the hatchling hatched, allow it to move in the incubator for several hours until the umbilical cord falls off. That is, move it into a 200 ppm potassium permanganate solution and sterilize it for 5 minutes. Then put the feed into the clear water.
Summer and winter special care: Summer temperatures are high. In some areas, the temperature in the wild exceeds 40°C. The surface temperature exceeds 60°C. The surface temperature exceeds 45°C. At this time, you must deepen the pool water. Do not light shallow than 30 cm. More than one-fifth, or in the pool to cool duckweed plants and the like, it is also possible to grow several fruit trees by the pool. Try to keep the surface temperature no higher than 43°C.
Snapping turtle has strong adaptability, is a variable temperature animal, resistant to high temperature and low temperature, can survive in a water temperature of 5 °C ~ 43 °C, but the most active in 23 °C ~ 38 °C, and 28 °C ~ 3l °C growth rate The fastest, entering 15 degrees below the hibernation, very little activity, all hibernation below 13 °C, according to the test, in the ice water in -5 °C under the ice will not die, above 1 °C safe and flawless.
In addition, snapping turtles have high medicinal, edible and ornamental value, and artificial breeding has the profound significance of protecting and rationally exploiting wild animals. Following the world's raising of ostriches and the domestic supply of soft-shelled turtles, frogs, shrimps, and crabs, it will become a new hot spot and a rare new breed of highly efficient special aquaculture. Foreign countries have begun large-scale farming in 1998, selling US$160 per kilogram of snapping turtle meat in the U.S. market. The United States, Canada and other international markets have matured; while China currently has only a small number of small-scale farming, in the case of gradually increasing demand in the domestic market, the aquaculture benefits are substantial. Opportunity is in front of you and the moment passes.
Male and female identification:
The male body is larger, long-tailed, and the length is 86% of the length of the plastron, and the excretory hole is located outside the edge of the carapace; the female is the opposite, the short tail, the length is less than 86% of the length of the plastron, and the excretory hole is located in the carapace. Within the margin.
Breeding habits:
Every year from April to September, mating, May to November spawning period, June is the peak season. Each litter has 11-83 eggs, usually 20-30 eggs, the eggs are white, spherical, slightly rough appearance, diameter 23-33 mm, weight 7-15 grams. After 55-125 days of hatching hatchling hatching, the hatching environment is different, and the hatching days are also different. When the incubation temperature is above 30°C, the hatchlings are females below 20°C. When the incubation temperature is between 22°C and 28°C, the hatchlings are male. The juvenile turtle weighs 9.5-12 grams, the length of the carapace is 24-30 millimeters, the carapace is round, black, and there are projections on each scutellum.
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