Rape, which is widely used, is a beautiful landscape, and its seeds can be pressed. It is widely distributed in China, and is well-loved because of its rich nutrition, especially vitamin C content is very high. For this reason, research and analysis on "high-yielding rapeseed cultivation technology and pest control" is particularly important. In order to truly reach the high-yield cultivation of rapeseed, it is recommended to work hard from the following aspects:
First, rape high-yield planting technology strategy
(a) choose a good seed
Regarding the selection of varieties, whether or not they are of high quality, high yield, and disease-resistance ability are all major considerations. In addition, do not blindly copy the experiences and practices of other regions, because the same species in different regions, the results are also somewhat different. Therefore, it is important to choose the right breed based on the actual situation in the area.
(2) Applying base fertilizer
The application of basal fertilization is directly related to the ultimate rice yield. Usually, basal fertilizers mainly include farmyard manure, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and ternary compound fertilizer with a concentration of 45%. The doses are 3,000 kg per mu. To 5000 kg, 20 kg to 25 kg, 10 kg to 15 kg, 10 kg to 15 kg, and 40 kg to 50 kg.
(3) Do a good job in the processing of seeds
The treatment of rapeseed seeds mainly includes seed selection, seed drying, soaking in warm soup, and soaking in pesticides. Its main purpose is to improve the cleanliness and quality of seeds, further enhance the germination potential, and increase the germination rate.
(D) do a good job of sowing
Sowing should be fine, sowing time is generally in late March of each year, and the seeding quantity per acre seed is recommended to be controlled at 350 grams. It is important to note that before sowing, watering is done according to the soil moisture, and sowing is done after the moisture has penetrated completely.
(five) do a good job in field management
One of the important tasks of field management is the seedlings. The first seedlings are usually carried out at the time when two pieces of loquat leaves are unfolded. The seedling distance is controlled between 3 cm and 4 cm. When the four leaves are in one heart, the second seedling can be carried out. It can also be called Dingmiao. The distance between seedlings and seedlings is best from 8 cm to 10 cm, and the number of seedlings per mu is about 40,000. In fact, the water requirement of rapeseed during seedling period is relatively small, that is, if it is not drought, it will not need to be watered. After the completion of seedling establishment, the watering should be timely. It is recommended that the number of irrigation be controlled to 3 times. 4 times, it is best to be able to do it under ideal weather conditions. Another point that needs special attention is that during the first half month or so before harvesting, topdressing should be carried out. Fertilization is mainly based on urea and ammonium sulfate. The dose is 20 kg to 25 kg and 20 kg, respectively.
(6) Doing a good job in trench cleaning
Wait until the rainy season, it must be timely drainage, because if there is waterlogging, it will not only affect the normal growth and development of rape, and even lead to the occurrence and prevalence of some epidemic diseases. To this end, it is necessary to do a good job of rowing and drainage of rapeseed fields, especially where the drainage conditions are not ideal.
(7) Do a good job of fertilizing
Whether the fertilization is scientific or reasonable is directly related to the yield and quality of rice, and in particular boron fertilizer should be paid attention to. Therefore, the content of boron in the soil is not ideal, and once boron is depleted, it is prone to be unrealistic or The phenomenon of returning flowers. As for the application of boron fertilizer, there are three main methods, namely, the end of application, top dressing or foliar spray.
Second, rape pest control strategies
During the entire growth and development of rapeseed, common diseases include sclerotia, downy mildew and black rot. Therefore, we must do a good job of prevention and control of pests and diseases, timely and decisively remove old and diseased leaves. If the diseased leaf rate reaches 10%, we must promptly adopt methods for pesticide control. In fact, in order to really do a good job of preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests, the author suggests that efforts should be made in the following areas:
(A) to use good seeds, while doing a good job of seed processing
It is very important to select some varieties that are ideally resistant to diseases and pests. If the seed can be properly treated before sowing, the sclerotia mixed in the seeds can be removed.
(B) Based on the actual situation in the local area, a reasonable rotation
Scientific and reasonable rotation has a positive effect on the prevention and control of pests and diseases. The common method is to use rice-canola rotation or planting grass crops every other year, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
(c) Doing a good job in preventing and curing diseases at the seedling stage
Aphids are the main vectors of rape virus disease, so we must do a good job of prevention and control of locusts. Before the rapeseed is transplanted, it is necessary to check the insects frequently. Once aphids are found, they must be immediately controlled. Commonly used anti-infective agents are anti-inflammostorial or Lesotho's EC with a concentration of 48%.
(D) to further do a good job in field management
Scientific field management is particularly critical for the comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases. The main goal is to make the selection of seedbeds, the cultivation of strong seedlings, the eradication of pathogens, and the rational application of fertilizers.
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