Base fertilizer is the main fertilizer for potato, which generally accounts for 70% to 80% of the total fertilizer application. The base fertilizer is often applied in combination with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and is applied in combination with land preparation or soil covering. Base fertilizer is based on applying 2500-3000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, and 60-80 kg of Shiluxi series compound fertilizer per acre.
Where appropriate, when the base fertilizer for seed fertilizer is insufficient or the cultivated land is too late to fertilize, 15-20 kg of special compound fertilizer per acre is used as seed fertilizer. Seed fertilizer application is mainly carried out by furrow application or hole application, but the fertilizer should not be in direct contact with the seed potato to avoid burning the seed potato.
Early application of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer should not be too late in the topdressing, especially in the late stage, to avoid stem length and leaves and affect tuber swelling and quality. In the middle and late period, potassium fertilizer was mainly used. It can be divided into 2 or 3 applications. The first topdressing is carried out at the time of Qimiao to promote early onset and increase the area of ​​photosynthesis. At this time, nitrogen fertilizer accounted for 30% of the amount of nitrogen applied, and potassium fertilizer accounted for 20% of the total amount of applied potassium. At the time of budding, a second fertilization was carried out to promote the continuous growth of stems and leaves and increase the area of ​​photosynthesis, which is conducive to tuber enlargement.
Appropriate external topdressing potatoes require relatively large amounts of micronutrients in calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, zinc, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to combine local soil fertility status with potato growth status, and apply extra-root fertilizer at appropriate time (generally refers to foliage Fertilization) to increase potato resistance and yield. From the beginning of potato seedling leaf spreading, a foliar application of 0.1% magnesium sulfate, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 1000 times triacontanol was applied every 7 to 10 days, and sprayed 3 to 5 times, evenly Wet leaves.
During the period of rapid expansion of potato tubers with magnesium fertilizer, 50 to 60 grams of magnesium sulfate was applied to each plant, and applied with clear water or septic dung water, or shallow trenches were applied around the plants to promote the rapid expansion of underground tubers.
Avoid applying chlorine fertilizer. Potatoes are chlorine-resistant crops. Do not use potassium chloride and compound fertilizers containing chloride ions. Reasonable fertilizer application is a prerequisite for high and stable potato production.
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