(A), the main disease 1. Cherry brown spot: also known as leaf perforation. It is the main leaf disease of sweet cherry. (1) Symptoms: Small purple spots with large needles are formed in the early stage of disease, and they are enlarged later. Some of them are connected to each other in round brown lesions, with small black spots, ie, conidium blocks and capsule shells. Finally the lesions shrink and fall off into holes. In severe cases, it can cause early defoliation and weaken the tree vigor, resulting in reduced production. (2) Control methods: sweep away the fallen leaves and eliminate the overwintering pathogens. Strengthen comprehensive management, improve site conditions, increase tree vigor, and increase tree disease resistance. Before spraying to fruiting, spray 1-2 times 70% mancozeb 600 times or 75% chlorothalonil 500-800 times. After fruit extraction, spray 2-3 times of 200-240 times the equivalent Bordeaux mixture. 2. Cherry leaf spot. (1) Symptoms: The disease mainly damages the cherry leaves. The victim leaves form brown or purple near-circular ring lesions between the veins, and the back of the leaves produces pink mold. The diseased leaves can cause most of the leaves to die and cause fallen leaves. Sometimes the petiole and the fruit can also suffer, producing brown spots. (2) Control methods: reference to cherry brown spot. 3. Flowing gum disease: It is one of the most common diseases on cherry trees. (1) Symptoms: From the onset of bud initiation, gums are exuded at the branch wounds and dead skin tissue. After flowing gum, the diseased part was slightly swollen, the cortex and xylem became brown and decayed, and other bacteria were rotted. As a result, the tree vigor declined day by day, and the branches died to death. (2) Prevention and control methods: increase organic fertilizers to prevent droughts, floods, and freeze damage; strengthen vigor, improve tree resistance; use white trunks to prevent sunburn; strengthen pest control, especially the control of stem pests, and pruning Reducing wounds to avoid mechanical damage; timely and thoroughly scraping the affected branches, using 10 parts of quicklime, 1 part of lime sulfur, 2 parts of salt, and 0.3 parts of vegetable oil to form a protective agent. (b) Major pests. The main pests that damage the cherries include pink neck bengal and mulberry white mulberry. The prevention and control method is based on the pest control of peach. In the prevention and control of cherry pests and diseases in protected areas, prevention and control within open areas and protected areas must be done. Before covering the plastic film in the shed, it should be sprayed with 1 to 3 times of lime sulfur to prevent various diseases. After harvesting the fruit, the fruit was sprayed with 500-600 times 70% mancozeb or 700 times 50% carbendazim.
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