Okra, also known as yellow sunflower, kidney soup, croissants, etc., annual herbaceous plant, pods, tubular cusp-shaped, like horns, seed spherical. Its tender fruit is rich in protein, amino acids, vitamins, trace elements and polysaccharides, and it is a new type of health vegetable with high nutritional value. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:
1. Cultivation season. Okra prefers warmth, fears of frost, the whole growth period should be arranged in the frost-free period, the flowering period should be in warm and humid seasons. The open field cultivation is from April to October, and the greenhouse can be cultivated all year round.
2. Do the earthwork. The okra must not be used in conjunction with fruits and vegetables to avoid root-knot nematodes. Mushi spread 5,000 kg of manure, 20 kg of compound fertilizer, and mix with simmering. There are two methods for open cultivation: first, planting in rows and rows, large rows of 70 cm, small rows of 45 cm, pod width of 2 meters, each row of 4 rows, spacing of 40 cm; second, narrow row and double ridge rows, ridge width 1 meter, two rows per ridge, spacing 70 cm, spacing 40 cm, width 50 cm.
3. Sowing seedlings. Live seeds use 0.7 kg per acre, seedlings transplanting about 0.2 kg per mu. Live broadcast method: Seed soaking for 12 hours before sowing, then placed under the conditions of 25 °C ~ 30 °C germination, about 24 hours after the seeds began to bud, until 60% ~ 70% when the seeds exposed white sowing. Sowing to sowing is appropriate, 3 per hole, 2 to 3 cm deep. Seedling transplanting method: seedbed soil is prepared with 6 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer and 1 part of fine sand. Soak germination before sowing, leveling the seedbed, according to the spacing of 10 cm seeding, cover soil thickness of about 2 cm. Seedling age 30 to 40 days, seedlings 2 to 3 true leaves when planting. It is best to use nutrients to protect the roots and cultivate seedlings of the right age.
4. Field management. Breaking the heart for the first time the seedlings, between the weak seedlings. 2 to 3 true leaves when the second seedlings, choose to retain strong seedlings. 3 to 4 true leaves when Dingmiao, leaving 1 per hole. After the planting, the first flower was strengthened before the opening of the cultivator to facilitate the development of the root system; the cultivator soil was cultivated before the mulching to prevent the lodging of the plants. Okra requires higher air and soil moisture during the growing season to keep the soil moist throughout the growing season. On the basis of applying basal fertilizer, appropriate fertilizer should be applied, and nitrogenous fertilizer should not be applied. The first time was Qimiao fertilizer, which was carried out after emergence and applied 6-8 kg of urea per acre. The second time is to raise the seedlings, set the seedlings or plant the ditch after planting, and apply 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. During the fruiting period, the fertilizer is applied once again, and Mushi Sanyuan compound fertilizer is 20-30 kg. During the late growth period, a small amount of top dressing is applied as appropriate to prevent premature aging.
5. Plant adjustments. Okra grows vigorously under normal conditions. The main lateral branches are thick and the leaves are hypertrophied, often resulting in delayed flowering. Twisting branches can be adopted, that is, the petiole twist into a curved sagging to control the vegetative growth, and to prevent the growth of collaterals. In the middle and late fertility period, all the old leaves below the harvested tender fruits are removed in time to improve the conditions of ventilation and light transmission to prevent the spread of diseases and insects.
6. Harvest. It takes about 60 days for the okra to sow the first tender fruit. After the entire harvest period of up to 60 to 70 days, the whole growth period of about 120 days, or even longer. Okra commercial fruit picking standard fruit length 8 to 10 cm, the appearance of fresh green fruit, fruit seeds are not aged as degree. Pay attention to timely harvesting. Usually, the quality of the harvested fruit is best after 4 days. Use scissors and collect gloves when harvesting. The yield per mu is more than 1,500 to 2,000 kilograms.
7. Short cut regeneration. At the later stage of growth results, under the condition of basically no production, 25-30 cm away from the ground, short-cutting, rejuvenation, retention of 1 to 2 lateral branches, strengthening of water and fertilizer management, rapid cultivation of the main culm, and production for the second time. After regeneration, it can produce about 1,000 kilograms of fresh fruit per mu.
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