Barley yellow mosaic disease is one of the most important diseases in the Yangtze River and Huai's wheat region in China. The incidence of field crops is generally reduced by 10% to 30%, and it is more than 50%, and even no crop is obtained.
Injury symptoms
At the onset of the onset, the heart leaves are now arranged in parallel with the veins, ranging from pale yellowish greenish-brown lines to elliptic irregularly shaped small lesions. Erlang barley was infected with rust and brown necrotic spots. The latter lesions increased continuously to enlarge the yellow leaves. Severe diseased leaves turned dark yellow to orange-yellow, resembling physiological yellowing; late yellow leaves turned into yellow streaks, and coarse veins. It is green, and some flag leaf sheaths and glume also have yellow spots. The diseased plants are slightly short, easy to wither or do not head.
Transmission routes and conditions
Viruses can be transmitted through the roots, diseased soil, and diseased fields. The virus-mediated mediator is polymyxa in cereals, which is mainly transmitted through the soil in the fields. The topsoil within 10 cm of the diseased field can transmit diseases. The disease incidence is high within 10 cm from the seeds and 30 cm from the seeds. Field infections mainly occurred one month after emergence, and in the middle of March, the disease was manifested. In the barley seedling stage, the soil temperature above 10 cm is higher than 8.5°C, and the soil temperature is lower than 5.5°C. Variety disease resistance is different; the incidence of multi-row barley is light, barley, early sowing and continuous cropping.
Control methods
1 Select disease resistant varieties. Such as Zhejiang Agricultural No. 7, stationed in Damai No. 3, Humai 16, Yumai No. 2.
2 In the large-scale crop rotation for more than 4 years, the yellow barley mosaic virus only invaded Barley Green Barley, so it was rotated with other crops of wheat and rapeseed.
3 timely late sowing, according to local experience, timely sowing (to the soil temperature below 9 °C, delayed by about 10 days than the local sowing date) can avoid the peak of M. mutans virus transmission, can achieve the effect of reducing the incidence and increasing production.
4 Deep plowing soil 30 centimeters, turning the topsoil into deep layers can prevent the diseased soil from transferring or spreading.
5 Reasonable fertilization Apply timely available nitrogen fertilizer at the early stage of disease can promote barley no longer prosperous before winter, and diseased plants do not have to wither early and grow steadily, which can prevent disease and increase yield. Http://
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