At the Jingshi Experimental Primary School in Beijing's Shijingshan District, every day at noon, students consume a nutritional lunch of 12 yuan. Before escorting the dining car to school, the teachers will first “watch the meal†and then distribute it to the students. The headmaster of the school, Qiao Jinzhong, told reporters that this is the daily process of all primary and secondary schools that receive nutritional catering.
Is nutrition lunch delicious? Every day, he dine with the children and he says frankly: “It's really not delicious.†At the same time, there is a certain amount of waste. “The types and tastes of foods need to be improved.â€
A few days ago, the "Report on Food Waste in China's Urban Catering and Food" published by the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences showed that one-third of the students' nutritional meals were wasted. Why is the "nutritious meal" of "nutritious meals"? Why is the "embarrassment" and "wastefulness" drawn by the equal sign? The reporter interviewed relevant persons.
Why some nutritious meals are not good
How does a nutritious meal reach the hands of students? Qiao Jinzhong said that each year the City Board of Education delineates five nutritional catering companies that can meet the standards, and schools can choose from them. They will ask school teachers and parents' committee representatives to inspect, try, etc. Finally, they will synthesize all opinions and select a delivery company.
Then it is transported to the students. The delivery company staff said: "In the transportation process, we must maintain a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius. In this way, on the one hand children can eat hot meals, on the other hand, bacteria above 60 degrees will not basically breed, more safety and health ."
However, the consequence of this is a serious loss of taste. Zhang Mengmeng, a fourth grader at a primary school in Xicheng District, told reporters: “The taste of rice is not as good as it is at home. It’s not the same when it comes to a nutritious meal. Even the smell of tomato scrambled eggs is very strange. ,I do not like."
As a result, they chose to sneak out lunch and even dump leftovers into books. Zhang Mengmeng’s mother told reporters: “Every year, the school will send us a questionnaire for nutritional meals. Teachers also know that students do not like to eat nutritious meals, so they agree that parents should prepare some small foods for children every day to bring them to school to supplement their daily needs. â€
Every day after school, Zhang Mengmeng's mother will see one by one "hungry to no good" children, rushed to the snack bar. "In the school's annual survey, we have chosen to purchase nutritious meals at the highest price level, but it is estimated that the school always considers mid-range lunches taking into account the economic status of all families. I think the cost is also a lack of nutritious meals. One of the reasons," she said.
Qiao Jinzhong told reporters: “The current policy is to encourage schools to run their own canteens to solve lunches for students. Self-employed canteens can ensure the freshness and safety of lunches. Naturally, it is one of the good recipes. However, many schools, including our school, do not have site conditions. If we need to run canteens, we will not meet the staffing requirements. Many new schools will be able to solve this problem and make canteen construction process standardized."
“The school canteens are not for profit, but the delivery companies need to have appropriate income, so they must be considered in the cost calculation. There are ups and downs in the market price of food ingredients, nutritious meal prices can not always rise and fall, In addition to the loss of taste on the transport, the cost may also lead to insufficient fresh ingredients, a single species, etc.,†said Qiao Jinzhong.
Nutrition meal management needs to be refined
What kind of standards should be implemented for nutritional meals?
“The standard of nutritious meals is above all safety. In addition to some obvious unsafe factors, the hidden factors such as pesticide residues, lean meat, and chemical condiments should also be considered. Followed by the taste, most students feel delicious and large. Some people may agree that, for example, some children may only like to eat meat, but we can't do this when we consider nutritional supplements. Once again, it is nutrition that is reasonable. In January 2017, China introduced the “Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents†and “Chinese Preschool Age.†Children's Dietary Guidelines: The student's diet can be described as follows: a fistful of meat, two fists of carbohydrates, three fists of vegetables, four fists of fruit, and a more tangible image of a pagoda, etc. Nutritional lunches are involved. We require that elementary and middle school students consume 12 kinds of ingredients a day, and at least 25 kinds of ingredients a week. In western developed countries, nutritional lunches require more than 30 kinds of ingredients a week. The more types of ingredients, the more balanced the nutrition.†China's nutrition industry industry technology innovation strategic alliance secretary-general Meng Qingfen told reporters.
Although there is a complete standard basis for nutritious meals, Qiao Jinzhong believes that “the current nutritious meal has not reached the desired levelâ€. Zhang Mengmeng told reporters that the weekly diet meals will one day be "western food", such as "spaghetti" and "fried chicken". She only likes to eat the day's meals, because "only the day has a normal taste."
Long-term study of student nutrition meals, Qiao Jinzhong believes that the most important lack of staffing. “We lack a professional dietitian to do a good job for students. Some catering companies, despite having so-called nutritionists, actually have local dietitians who are just a title for cost reasons. They have no experience in catering and nutrition accounting. It is also a shortage of dietitians to match the growth and development of students. This is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. If a single school can't do it, a nutritionist can do it in an area. Hopefully this goal will be implemented as soon as possible.â€
Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the China Academy of Educational Science, believes that the problem of nutritious meals reflects the degree of sophistication of social management. “The provision of meals by schools is a good thing for students and parents to reduce their burden, but it also helps students’ physical health and overall quality. The problems that are currently exposed are the detailed management issues, and After the refinement, the problem of increased workload, such as the problem of the varying number of meals exposed in rural nutrition meals, and the poor taste, breeding, and waste of urban nutritious meals, etc., he believes.
Meng Qingfen said that campus meal management is in urgent need of legislation. “At present, the relevant government departments at all levels do not have full-time staff responsible for the management of student nutrition meals. The school does not have professional teachers to carry out nutrition and health education. There is no guarantee for the source of school work personnel's remuneration. There is no rigid requirement for chef training. The threshold for entry of social catering companies into school canteens is not standardized. And so on, these are outstanding issues in the management of school meals in primary and secondary schools."
Food education needs to be strengthened
If you do not choose to distribute nutritious meals, will the lunch problem be solved? The mother of Liu Ye, a junior high school student in a secondary school in Haidian District, Beijing, told reporters that she still fears that her child will not eat well. "The children's secondary school has a self-built canteen, a basement floor, two floors above the ground, a rich variety of lunches, rice cooking, noodles, fried rice cakes, etc. Most children can meet. However, the children themselves will pick and choose to lose weight. To lose weight, I will not eat at noon. Some buy snacks and snacks at vending machines, and some simply call take-outs.†Liu Xi’s mother said, “Liu Wei still has problems with picky eaters and only eats meat and does not eat vegetables. No matter how they are used, this is the most worrying thing."
According to the Report on Food Waste in China's Urban Catering, 44% of students have different degrees of picky eaters and partial eclipses. Among them, girls' partial eclipse rate is higher than that of boys. According to Wang Lingen, a doctor at the Institute of Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the lack of food education during the child's growth is the main reason.
In the survey report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, lunch tastes are salty, food prices are high and low, health conditions are good and bad, and the amount of foods will have a certain impact on student satisfaction. "At present, China's food education is in its infancy and exploration stage." Meng Qingfen said, "Let children understand food, cherish food, learn to choose a healthy lifestyle, and cultivate good eating habits is the essential task of food education. Parents are the first person responsible for the formation of a child's eating habits. Good eating habits that do not picky eaters, do not eat a partial eclipse, and have a reasonable diet require parents, schools, and the community to work together with perseverance."
Qiao Jinzhong hopes that in the future, China’s food education education can be like that of its neighboring country, Japan. The school has a dedicated dietitian who is responsible for the nutritional mix. When the nutritious meal is distributed, the students are issued on time and participate in the recycling of tableware. The school has a special program for growing vegetable crops. Students can participate in the whole process of planting, harvesting, and eating. “We will now also consciously involve the students in the distribution of meals, but the participation is still too little.â€
Wang Lingen told reporters: “When we researched in several primary and secondary schools, we discovered that at some schools, the teachers would record in detail how much the child had eaten at noon. It was just a recorded process, and the number of nutritious meals wasted was very small. At present, we have selected schools in Chengdu and want to learn about the current status of food waste in primary and secondary schools through intervention experiments."
“I think breakthroughs in nutritious meals can start with two aspects. First, management, increase the way of feeding, self-help, canteens, lunch boxes and other ways to give students a variety of choices. Second, technically, a reasonable mix of dishes, such as appropriate increase Cold dishes, etc., to improve the taste of food." Wang Lingen finally said.
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