Maca is a genus of genus, and the two main producing areas are the South American Andes and the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain in Lijiang, Yunnan, China. The shape and taste of Maca is the best, and the maca is dried and marinated. It has the function of nourishing and strengthening the body, and it can increase the accumulated temperature and reduce the frost through greenhouse cultivation, thus increasing the production and income of Maca planting. Now Xiaobian talks about the greenhouse cultivation technology of the greenhouse in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
1 seedling
1.1 Seed treatment
Select the full seed soaked in 50 °C constant temperature water for 20 min, soak it in 25~30 °C warm water for 6 h, then soak it with 50% carbendazim WP 500 times for 1 h, rinse with water, dry and mix. Substrate seeding.
1.2 Sowing
In the middle and late September, the stalks were sown in the greenhouse. When planting, the seeds were evenly spread on the bed and covered with a 0.5 cm substrate. The amount of seedlings per acre was 25-30 g, and the seeding density was 30 g/m 2 . After sowing, the flat plate covers the sunshade net to moisturize, which is beneficial to the emergence of maca.
1.3 Seedling management
Watering and germination in a timely manner, usually 5 to 15 days to emerge. After the maca is emerged, the water is replenished in the morning. When the light is strong before and after noon, the sunshade measures are taken when the temperature exceeds 30 °C. When the temperature is lower than 30 °C, the sunshade net is opened to prevent the lengthening. 2 After the leaf 1 heart, use 72 cavities to divide the seedlings, and after 3 to 5 days, the shading nets shall be removed according to the conditions of the maca live seedlings for refining. At the same time, according to the growth of seedlings, spray foliar fertilizer 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2 to 3 times, and pay attention to spraying carbendazim and imidacloprid to prevent pests and diseases.
2 greenhouse production
2.1 Land preparation
Maca is suitable for growth in slightly acidic sandy loam. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a cruciferous crop that has not been planted before, and the soil is deep, loose and fertile, and the well-drained loam or sandy loam is planted in the greenhouse. At the same time, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, and apply 1 000-1 500 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 200-300 kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, and 10-20 kg of compound fertilizer. 15 days before planting, do a deep turn, soil drying, fertilization, and work as a hoe (200 cm wide, 15-20 cm deep trench).
2.2 transplanting and planting
After the mulching of the greenhouse, in the middle and early November, 5 to 7 pieces of true leaves and strong seedlings were transplanted and planted, the row spacing of the planting plants was 15 cm×15 cm, and 25 000-28 000 plants were planted per mu, and drip irrigation was added after transplanting. Device, pouring through the root water.
2.3 Field management
In the early stage after the transplanting of Maca, it is necessary to ensure that the greenhouse is wet, and the watering should be reduced as the temperature is lowered to ensure that less water is poured. At the same time, 1 to 2 cultivating and weeding are carried out during the growth of Maca. In the spring of the second year, the control of pests such as powdery mildew, diamondback moth and aphid can be carried out. Spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2 to 3 times, and 5 kg of urea per 667 m 2 in mid-February.
2.4 Wintering management
In September, Maca began to raise seedlings. During this time, the temperature was relatively high. Therefore, it was necessary to water and ventilate frequently, and to protect the sunshade. After transplanting and planting, the greenhouse was kept in the morning and evening. When the temperature of Dapeng exceeds 28 °C, the ventilation and ventilation of the shed will reduce the disease. When the greenhouse temperature is lower than 28 °C, the air is released for 1 h every day at noon.
2.5 Harvest
Maca is most suitable for harvesting time: from mid-April to mid-May, when collecting Maca, it is necessary to increase the economic benefits of planting according to market demand and the growth of Maca in the field.
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